Ground-Water Hydrology of the Upper Klamath Basin, Oregon and ...

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U.S. Department of the Interior DIRK KEMPTHORNE, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey Mark D. Myers, Director U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2007 For product and ordering information: World Wide Web: http://www.usgs.gov/pubprod Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS For more information on the USGS--the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment: World Wide Web: http://www.usgs.gov Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this report is in the public domain, permission must be secured from the individual copyright owners to reproduce any copyrighted materials contained within this report. Suggested citation: Gannett, M.W., Lite, K.E. Jr., La Marche, J.L., Fisher, B.J., and Polette, D.J., 2007, Ground-water hydrology of the upper Klamath Basin, Oregon and California: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5050, 84 p.
iii Contents Abstract............................................................................................................................................................1 Introduction.....................................................................................................................................................2 Study Area..............................................................................................................................................2 Purpose and Scope...............................................................................................................................8 Geologic Framework......................................................................................................................................8 Geologic Controls on Ground-Water Flow........................................................................................8 General Geology....................................................................................................................................8 Hydrogeologic Units............................................................................................................................10 Effects of Geologic Structure............................................................................................................12 Hydraulic Characteristics of Regional Hydrogeologic Units........................................................12 Aquifer Tests...............................................................................................................................13 Well-Yield Tests..........................................................................................................................16 Ground-Water Hydrology............................................................................................................................17 Hydrologic Budget...............................................................................................................................18 Ground-Water Recharge....................................................................................................................20 Ground-Water Discharge to Streams..............................................................................................22 Geographic Distribution of Ground-Water Discharge to Streams.....................................23 Temporal Fluctuations in Ground-Water Discharge to Streams........................................23 Ground-Water Discharge to Streams by Subbasin..............................................................23 Sprague River Subbasin—Geographic Distribution of Ground-Water Discharge...................................................................................23 Sprague River Subbasin—Temporal Variations in Ground-Water Discharge...................................................................................26 Williamson River Subbasin—Geographic Distribution of Ground-Water Discharge...................................................................................27 Williamson River Subbasin—Temporal Variations in Ground-Water Discharge...................................................................................28 Upper Klamath Lake Subbasin—Geographic Distribution of Ground-Water Discharge...................................................................................29 Upper Klamath Lake Subbasin—Temporal Variations in Ground-Water Discharge...................................................................................31 Lost River Subbasin—Geographic Distribution of Ground-Water Discharge........32 Lost River Subbasin—Temporal Variations in Ground-Water Discharge................33 Klamath River Subbasin—Geographic Distribution of Ground-Water Discharge...................................................................................34 Klamath River Subbasin—Temporal Variations in Ground-Water Discharge........35 Summary of Geographic and Temporal Variations of Ground-Water Discharge to Streams......................................................................................................................37
Page 1 and 2: Prepared in cooperation with the Or
Page 3: Ground-Water Hydrology of the Upper
Page 7 and 8: Figures Figure 1. Map showing the u
Page 9 and 10: vii Figures—Continued Figure 30.
Page 11 and 12: ix Location System The system used
Page 13 and 14: Ground-Water Hydrology of the Upper
Page 15 and 16: Creek Introduction 43°15' 43°00'
Page 17 and 18: Introduction MEAN MONTHLY PRECIPIT
Page 19 and 20: Introduction 122°00' 45' 30' 121
Page 21 and 22: Geologic Framework basins separate
Page 23 and 24: Creek Creek Geologic Framework 11 4
Page 25 and 26: Geologic Framework 13 Hydraulic con
Page 27 and 28: Geologic Framework 15 Table 2. Summ
Page 29 and 30: Ground-Water Hydrology 17 100 90 80
Page 31 and 32: Ground-Water Hydrology 19 The sourc
Page 33 and 34: Ground-Water Hydrology 21 determine
Page 35 and 36: Ground-Water Hydrology 23 Geographi
Page 37 and 38: Ground-Water Hydrology 25 TOTAL WAT
Page 39 and 40: Ground-Water Hydrology 27 DISCHARGE
Page 41 and 42: Ground-Water Hydrology 29 SEPTEMBER
Page 43 and 44: Ground-Water Hydrology 31 Upper Kla
Page 45 and 46: Ground-Water Hydrology 33 The Lost
Page 47 and 48: Ground-Water Hydrology 35 Most grou
Page 49 and 50: Ground-Water Hydrology 37 INFLOW, I
Page 51 and 52: Ground-Water Hydrology 39 example,
Page 53 and 54: Ground-Water Hydrology 41 Recent In
Page 55 and 56:
Ground-Water Hydrology 43 122°00'
Page 57 and 58:
Creek Ground-Water Hydrology 45 43
Page 59 and 60:
Ground-Water Hydrology 47 5 ft/mi.
Page 61 and 62:
Creek Ground-Water Hydrology 49 43
Page 63 and 64:
Ground-Water Hydrology 51 DEPTH TO
Page 65 and 66:
Ground-Water Hydrology 53 35 37 Dep
Page 67 and 68:
Ground-Water Hydrology 55 4144 4143
Page 69 and 70:
Ground-Water Hydrology 57 Water lev
Page 71 and 72:
Ground-Water Hydrology 59 Long-term
Page 73 and 74:
Page 75 and 76:
Page 77 and 78:
Acknowledgments 65 Hydraulic head i
Page 79 and 80:
References Cited 67 Cooper, R.M., 2
Page 81 and 82:
References Cited 69 Theis, C.V., 19
Page 83 and 84:
Appendix A. 71 Appendix A. Landsat
Page 85 and 86:
Table 6 73 Table 6. Estimated groun
Page 87 and 88:
Page 89 and 90:
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Manuscript approved for publication
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