Regional Formation 2012,1 - KlaipÄdos universitetas

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Janis Paiders, Juris Paiders QUANTITATIVE MEASUREMENT OF CROSS-BORDER INTERACTIONS (EXAMPLE OF AFRICA) Figure 1. African land borders with low economic permeability in 2008 Source: Trade Map, 2009; author’s calculations Figure 2. African land borders with high economic permeability in 2008 Source: Trade Map, 2009; author’s calculations 78
ISSN 2029-9370. <strong>Regional</strong> <strong>Formation</strong> and Development Studies, No. 1 (6) Figure 3. Direction of cross-border trade flow in African countries (2008) Source: Trade Map, 2009; author’s calculations A – Arab states of North Africa. This group includes Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia, Libya, and Egypt. These states, in spite of the relatively great lengths of the borders between them, are characterized by large border throughput, compared to the average level of Africa. This is largely due to being populated by one nation (Arabs) and having a unifying religion (Sunni Islam). Considering that instability negatively affects tourism and international trade, it can be expected that the revolutions in Tunisia and Egypt in spring 2011, as well as the Libyan civil war, will have affected the integration of this region’s states negatively in the short term. However, upon removal of the political obstacles, the Arab states of North Africa could become one of the most promising examples of high integration in the future. B – Coastal states of the Gulf of Guinea. This group includes both coastal states of the Gulf of Guinea and the border-states thereof, with which there is rather significant economic integration. The central and economically most powerful states of this group, Ivory Coast and Ghana, also have significant economic throughput on the land borders. The borders of this area on which the economic integration exceeds USD 600,000 per year per kilometer are the ones connecting coastal states with landlocked states. The great economic throughput is largely explained by the need of landlocked countries (Mali, Burkina Faso) to access the sea. It must also be noted that the high economic throughput per kilometer is largely due to the small length of these borders. C – East Africa Community (EAC). This group includes Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda, and Burundi. The economic integration of all of these states, except for Burundi, is rather high on the overall African background. The most integrated borders in this group are those with Kenya, which is the most developed country of the region. One of the specific tasks of the EAC is to facilitate the mutual economic integration of these states. 79
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KLAIPĖDA UNIVERSITY SOCIAL SCIENCE
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PREFACE This journal seeks to invit
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Eduardas Spiriajevas Hindrances and
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ISSN 2029-9370. Regional Formation
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REQUIREMENTS FOR ARTICLE Articles p
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References should be ranged by alph
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