Pediatric Terrorism and Disaster Preparedness: A ... - PHE Home

19. Identify chemical terrorism toxins such as nerve agents (tabun, sarin, soman, and
VX (“Venom X”) and their delivery systems, toxicology and clinical
manifestations, central and autonomic systems effects, neuromuscular effects,
diagnostic tests, treatment, isolation, and control measures.
20. Describe comprehensive plans to address terrorist threats to infection control (for
biological agents), epidemiology, public affairs, and administration of health care
facilities.
21. Explain the lethality of cyanide, its toxicology, clinical presentation, and
treatment.
22. List the agents known as vesicants (sulfur mustard, the nitrogen mustards,
lewisite, and phosgene oxime) and their characteristics, clinical effects, treatment,
and special pediatric considerations.
23. Describe pulmonary agents (chlorine and phosgene) and their characteristics,
clinical effects, treatment, including decontamination and management.
24. Identify riot control agents (CS [2-chlorobenzylidene], CN [1-
chloroacetophenone, Mace ® ], and pepper spray [Oleoresin capsicum]), their
transmission and pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, and
control.
Chapter 6. Radiological and Nuclear Terrorism
Goal: To prepare pediatricians to recognize the signs and symptoms
associated with radiologic and nuclear exposure and to diagnose, treat, and
report nuclear and radiologic terrorism events and agents.
Learning Objectives:
At the end of this chapter, the reader will be able to:
1. List sources of radioactivity and the terrorism threats they pose.
2. Describe the scope, implications, and incident management of radiological
threats.
3. Differentiate between nuclear and conventional explosions.
4. Explain the process of radiation from nuclear detonation and fallout.
5. Describe the purpose and effects of radiological dispersal devices (“dirty
bombs”).
6. Describe medical and industrial sources of radiation.
7. Define the potential hazards of destruction or sabotage of a nuclear power plant.
8. Recount the historical overview of radiation injury.
9. Explain the physical principles of ionizing radiation.
10. Describe radiation interactions including electron excitation, ionization, nuclear
excitation, nuclear fission, activation, and secondary radiation.
11. Provide information to patients concerning the safety of consuming milk after a
reactor accident.
12. List natural and man-made types of radiation exposure.
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