Glossary of terms on livestock manure management 2003 - Ramiran

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RAMIRAN <strong>Glossary</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>terms</strong> on manure management 2003 14 PROTEIN AMINO ACID ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS CARBOHYDRATE FAT VITAMIN ENZYME LIQUID FEED DRY FEED PHASE FEEDING Complex, organic compound made up <strong>of</strong> AMINO ACIDS that contain carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen and sometimes phosphorus and sulphur. With water, they form the basic constituents <strong>of</strong> living cells and <strong>of</strong> the structure <strong>of</strong> plants and animals. The chemical units that link together to form PROTEINS and are <strong>of</strong> fundamental importance to life. Those AMINO ACIDS that cannot be made by a plant or animal but must be obtained from the environment or food. Complex, organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen and oxygen that are essential to all living organisms. The energy stored in carbohydrates is released to power living processes. Storage material in living organisms found mainly as oils in plants and solid forms (adipose tissue) in animals. Most animals deposit fat in their bodies as an energy store. Also used to denote LIVESTOCK reared for their meat (FATSTOCK). A class <strong>of</strong> organic substances required by animals in small amounts for normal functioning, growth and health. Farm animals can synthesise some e.g. vitamin C, in their bodies but most must be provided in their DIET. A type <strong>of</strong> PROTEIN present in living organisms that catalyses (speeds up) chemical changes without being changed itself. Normally refers to a system for feeding pigs in which FEED is provided in liquid form dissolved or suspended in water. The provision <strong>of</strong> food e.g. to pigs or poultry in dry form as a MEAL. The provision <strong>of</strong> different RATIONS or DIETS to LIVESTOCK at different stages <strong>of</strong> growth or performance to mach the RATION closely to the requirements <strong>of</strong> the animals. Grazing MEADOW PASTURE PADDOCK SET STOCKING An area <strong>of</strong> grassland used to produce HAY or SILAGE rather than for grazing An area <strong>of</strong> grassland used for grazing rather than cutting for HAY or SILAGE. A relatively small, enclosed PASTURE. A grazing system e.g. for CATTLE, SHEEP, in which a fixed number <strong>of</strong> LIVESTOCK graze a given area for the entire season.
RAMIRAN <strong>Glossary</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>terms</strong> on manure management 2003 15 STRIP GRAZING ZERO GRAZING LEY CEREAL TRAMLINE STUBBLE ROTATIONAL GRAZING A grazing system e.g. for CATTLE in which the animals are given access to a limited area <strong>of</strong> fresh PASTURE up to twice daily by means <strong>of</strong> a movable fence. Grazed strips are “backfenced” to allow for regrowth <strong>of</strong> the grass. A system for feeding CATTLE in which grass or other FODDER is cut daily and taken back to the animals in a building or YARD. Land temporarily sown to grass and then ploughed. Cultivated members <strong>of</strong> the grass family that are grown for their seed or grain that is used for animal FEED, bread making etc. Accurately spaced, narrow pathways left in e.g. a CEREAL crop to provide wheel guide marks for tractors and machinery used in subsequent operations e.g. spraying, FERTILISER APPLICATION. The part <strong>of</strong> the crop left in the ground after harvest e.g. CEREAL STUBBLE. A grazing system e.g. for CATTLE, in which successive areas or PADDOCKS, are intensively grazed for a period and then rested to allow for regrowth <strong>of</strong> the grass.
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Glossary of terms on livestock manure management 2003 - Ramiran

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