Glossary of terms on livestock manure management 2003 - Ramiran
Glossary of terms on livestock manure management 2003 - Ramiran
Glossary of terms on livestock manure management 2003 - Ramiran
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RAMIRAN <str<strong>on</strong>g>Glossary</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>terms</str<strong>on</strong>g> <strong>on</strong> <strong>manure</strong> <strong>management</strong> <strong>2003</strong> 21<br />
HOUSING FOR<br />
WEANERS<br />
FLAT DECK<br />
HOUSING FOR<br />
GROWERS-<br />
FINISHERS<br />
OUTDOOR PIGS<br />
KENNEL<br />
VERANDA HOUSE<br />
MONOPITCH<br />
HOUSE<br />
WEANERS are kept in small groups (<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>ten 8-12) in PENS houses<br />
that are heated and ventilated. PENS may have:<br />
• A SOLID FLOOR with straw BEDDING to produce SOLID<br />
MANURE<br />
• A FULLY SLATTED FLOOR or<br />
• A PARTIALLY SLATTED FLOOR to produce SLURRY.<br />
This was developed in 1960/70 as a specialised housing system<br />
for rearing weaned pigs. It originally comprised a low, wellinsulated<br />
building with a linked heating and ventilati<strong>on</strong> system to<br />
maintain temperature at any desired level. Each house c<strong>on</strong>tains<br />
several PENS with FULLY SLATTED FLOORS above a SLURRY<br />
CHANNEL. The system has evolved over the years and the term<br />
is now <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>ten used to describe loosely any SLURRY- based<br />
housing system for WEANERS.<br />
A thermally insulated, FORCED or NATURALLY VENTILATED<br />
house divided into PENS c<strong>on</strong>taining groups <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> PIGS. May have:<br />
• FULLY SLATTED FLOOR. PENS have FULLY SLATTED<br />
FLOORS with no physical separati<strong>on</strong> between lying,<br />
feeding and dunging areas. SLURRY is collected in a<br />
CHANNEL or PIT beneath the floor that may c<strong>on</strong>nect to a<br />
central CHANNEL for emptying.<br />
• PARTIALLY SLATTED FLOOR. Similar to above except<br />
the floor is divided into a slatted area (for dunging), with a<br />
SLURRY CHANNEL or PIT beneath it, and a solid, n<strong>on</strong>slatted<br />
(for feeding and resting) area. Some straw is<br />
sometimes provided where there is a SOLID FLOOR and<br />
a smaller slatted area. The SOLID FLOOR may have a<br />
slight slope so that SLURRY and straw moves towards the<br />
slats (STRAW FLOW SYSTEM).<br />
• SOLID FLOOR. Straw is spread over the floor to provide<br />
BEDDING or in smaller amounts for animal welfare.<br />
SOWS and weaned pigs (WEANERS) up to 30-35kg LIVE-<br />
WEIGHT are kept in outdoors in fields with small huts for shelter.<br />
A type <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> pig PEN. A sleeping secti<strong>on</strong> with a hinged ro<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> that can<br />
be raised or lowered to c<strong>on</strong>trol temperature and ventilati<strong>on</strong>.<br />
A type <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> house for weaned pigs (WEANERS) comprising two<br />
rows <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> KENNELS with a central PASSAGEWAY all under the<br />
same ro<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>. Outside the ro<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <strong>on</strong> each side <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the building there is a<br />
SLATTED FLOOR area, or veranda, above a SLURRY<br />
CHANNEL.<br />
A type <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> NATURALLY VENTILATED house for finishing pigs<br />
(FINISHERS) in which the ro<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> slopes from fr<strong>on</strong>t to back. It may<br />
be open-fr<strong>on</strong>ted for ventilati<strong>on</strong> with wind barriers or have<br />
ventilati<strong>on</strong> flaps or shutters at the fr<strong>on</strong>t and rear.