Glossary of terms on livestock manure management 2003 - Ramiran
Glossary of terms on livestock manure management 2003 - Ramiran
Glossary of terms on livestock manure management 2003 - Ramiran
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RAMIRAN <str<strong>on</strong>g>Glossary</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>terms</str<strong>on</strong>g> <strong>on</strong> <strong>manure</strong> <strong>management</strong> <strong>2003</strong> 18<br />
GROOVED FLOOR<br />
SCRAPER<br />
MECHANICAL<br />
POWER<br />
HYDRAULIC<br />
POWER<br />
PISTON, RAM,<br />
PRESS RAM.<br />
SPIRAL SCREW<br />
A type <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> SLATTED FLOOR in which the slots are mostly<br />
sealed <strong>on</strong> the underside leaving rows <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> holes through which<br />
URINE can drain rapidly. Used as a means <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> reducing<br />
AMMONIA EMISSIONS from CATTLE houses in the<br />
Netherlands.<br />
A device used for cleaning the floors <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> c<strong>on</strong>crete surfaces such<br />
as PASSAGEWAYS and HARDSTANDINGS or emptying<br />
CHANNELS in LIVESTOCK houses, through scraping<br />
FAECES, URINE, waste BEDDING and FEED into a CHANNEL<br />
or PIT etc. Include:<br />
• Manual scraper. Either simple hand-held tools, <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>ten with<br />
a rubber scraper, or equipped with motorised wheels<br />
used for cleaning PASSAGEWAYS and<br />
HARDSTANDINGS.<br />
• Tractor mounted scraper. Mounted <strong>on</strong> the fr<strong>on</strong>t or rear <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
a tractor, these are comm<strong>on</strong>ly used for cleaning<br />
PASSAGEWAYS in CATTLE houses.<br />
• Automatic scraper. These are usually fixed permanently<br />
in PASSAGEWAYS or CHANNELS and driven by a<br />
stati<strong>on</strong>ary MECHANICAL or HYDRAULIC POWER unit.<br />
In CHANNELS, they usually comprise chains or cables<br />
fitted with metal flaps, blades or flights. Rubber scrapers<br />
are more comm<strong>on</strong> for cleaning PASSAGEWAYS.<br />
• Reciprocating scraper. Scraper where the directi<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
movement is reversed at intervals.<br />
Power is transferred from a fixed electric motor by means <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> a<br />
gear reducti<strong>on</strong> device to chains, cables etc that operate a<br />
SCRAPER or other equipment. Reciprocating movement (e.g.<br />
for reciprocating SCRAPERS) is achieved by alternating the<br />
directi<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> rotati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the motor.<br />
A pump powered by an electric motor supplies hydraulic rams<br />
with oil to drive equipment such as a SCRAPER. Such systems<br />
give greater flexibility in power transfer between electric motors<br />
and equipment and are more comm<strong>on</strong> in colder climates<br />
because they are less likely to freeze up. Reciprocating<br />
movement is achieved through the use <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> dual rams and a<br />
pressure sensitive valve.<br />
These are usually HYDRAULICALLY POWERED and designed<br />
to press MANURE through CHANNELS or large pipes within<br />
LIVESTOCK houses. They can also be used to move MANURE<br />
from the house to a store.<br />
A screw or AUGER is fitted into a pipe and is powered by an<br />
electric motor. They are used to lift MANURE from, for example,<br />
a CHANNEL in a house to a store or heap.