Scotland's Wildlife â an assessment of biodiversity in 20

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2 Executive summary Biodiversity is the variety of life. It includes variation between ecosystems, between the species from which they are formed, and genetic variation within species. This report presents a commentary on progress with Scotland’s 2010 biodiversity targets. The key components of measuring progress are as follows: 1. Scotland’s contribution to the 2008 UK BAP assessment 2. Scotland’s biodiversity indicators 3. Site condition monitoring outcomes 4. Progress with Scotland’s 2010 biodiversity targets 2.1 Scotland’s contribution to the UK BAP assessment in 2008 Summary results for Scotland’s five ecosystems, itemised below, are based on the conservation status of habitats and species in Scotland which have been identified for priority biodiversity action throughout the UK. By definition they are vulnerable and declining. Terminology The appraisal is based on a comparison of results for Scotland in the 2005 and 2008 UK Biodiversity Action Plan (BAP) reporting rounds. A ‘better’ result means that fewer habitats or species were reported to be declining in 2008 than in 2005 (not that all declines had been arrested). Conversely, a ‘worse’ result means that more were reported to be declining in 2008 than in 2005. An ‘unchanged’ result means that the assessments in 2005 and 2008 were the same, and a ‘divergent’ one means that both improvement and deterioration were evident. The summary below excludes results where there was no clear trend but full details are shown within the chapters. Coastal and marine - The appraisal of 25 priority habitats (based on six matching assessments in 2005 and 2008) is divergent – with positive and negative elements. Of eight habitats assessed in 2008, those that were stable (51%) exceeded those declining (38%) 1 . - The appraisal of 136 priority species (based on 12 matching assessments in 2005 and 2008) is better – those that were stable or increasing rose from 59% to 66%. Of 28 assessed in 2008, those that were stable (41%) exceeded those declining (12%). Lowland and farmland 1 The remainder is accounted for by ‘no clear trend’ (as shown in Table 5.2) 3
- The appraisal of 10 priority habitats (based on eight matching assessments in 2005 and 2008) is unchanged. However, of the eight assessments in 2008, those that were declining (63%) exceeded those that were stable or increasing (39%). - The appraisal of 108 priority species (based on seven matching assessments in 2005 and 2008) is divergent (although positives outweighed the negative elements). Of 16 assessed in 2008, the number that were stable or increasing (32%) was the same as those in decline (32%). Fresh water and wetland - The appraisal of nine priority habitats (based on five matching assessments in 2005 and 2008) is unchanged. Of the five assessed in 2008, the number that were stable (60%) was the greater than those in decline (40%). - The appraisal of 75 priority species (based on 19 matching assessments in 2005 and 2008) is unchanged. Of 32 species assessed in 2008, the number that were stable or increasing (41%) exceeded the number in decline (25%). Woodland - The appraisal of seven priority habitats (based on six matching assessments in 2005 and 2008) is better. All habitats assessed in 2008 were stable or increasing. - The appraisal of 170 priority species (based on 24 matching assessments in 2005 and 2008) is divergent (positive and negative elements). Of 31 species assessed in 2008, the number stable or increasing (45%) exceeded the number declining or lost (28%). Upland - The appraisal of eight priority habitats (based on four matching assessments in 2005 and 2008) is better. All of the assessed habitats were declining (slowing) in 2005, whereas one had become stable by 2008. - The trend for 122 priority species (based on 13 matching assessments in 2005 and 2008) is unchanged. Among 13 species assessed in 2008, the proportion that were stable (84%) exceeded those that were declining (8%). Scotland overall - The overall appraisal of 39 priority habitats assessed in 2005 and again in 2008, is better. Among 41 habitats assessed in 2008, the proportion that were stable or increasing (41%) exceeded those declining (31%). - The overall appraisal of 181 priority species assessed in 2005 and again in 2008 is divergent. Among 230 species assessed in 2008, the proportion that were stable or increasing (32%) exceeded those declining or lost (15%). 4
Page 1 and 2: Scottish Natural Heritage Scotland
Page 4 and 5: Table of Contents Table of Contents
Page 6 and 7: Foreword Roseanna Cunningham, MSP M
Page 8 and 9: 1 Introduction Biodiversity is the
Page 13 and 14: 2.2 Scotland’s biodiversity indic
Page 15 and 16: Fluctuating 1. Marine fishing place
Page 17 and 18: A summary of condition assessments
Page 19 and 20: 3 The biodiversity of Scotland
Page 21 and 22: Collectively, Sites of Special Scie
Page 23 and 24: together with the adaptation of nat
Page 25 and 26: conservation bodies, agri-environme
Page 27 and 28: 4 Climate change
Page 29 and 30: 4.2 Coastal and marine In the seas
Page 31 and 32: Section B
Page 33 and 34: 5 Coastal and marine ecosystems
Page 35 and 36: of Scotland and the north-west of I
Page 37 and 38: Condition of notified features in p
Page 39 and 40: The overall appraisal of coastal an
Page 41 and 42: 5.4 Wildlife indicators Environment
Page 43 and 44: identifying a short list of ‘mari
Page 45 and 46: 6 Lowland and farmland ecosystems 6
Page 47 and 48: Figure 6.3 Change in extent of neut
Page 49 and 50: lowland dry acid grassland; lowland
Page 51 and 52: 6.4 Wildlife indicators Butterfly t
Page 53 and 54: 7 Freshwater and wetland ecosystems
Page 55 and 56: 7.2 Habitat condition According to
Page 57 and 58: The development of river basin mana
Page 59 and 60: Condition of notified features in p
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cristatus; white-clawed freshwater
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7.5 Action for biodiversity The fiv
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8 Woodland ecosystems 8.1 Habitat e
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8.2 Habitat condition Based on 464
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Table 8.2 Trends in woodland priori
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Table 8.4 Action Implementation 201
Page 73 and 74:
9 Upland ecosystems The extent and
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Dwarf shrub heath Dwarf shrub heath
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Figure 9.5 Change in the extent of
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Four habitats assessed in 2005 were
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Table 9.3 Action Implementation 201
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10 Scotland overview The landmass o
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10.2 Habitat condition By recording
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The proportion of habitats which we
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Table 10.4 Trends in priority speci
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11 Assessing the 2010 target
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inland and groundwater pollution; m
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decline: between 2000 and 2050 biod
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11.1 Scotland’s contribution to t
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As well as being an integral part o
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5. The majority (84%) of 867 non-na
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Table 11.1 Natural Heritage Indicat
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Overall, 73% of notified habitats,
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Conservation status of priority (st
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Annex 1 - 2010 Indicator Framework
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1 Focal Area 2 Global - CBD 5 Cover
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1 Focal Area 2 Global - CBD 3 Europ
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1 Focal Area 6 Status of resource t
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Annex 2 Scotland's 2010 Biodiversit
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TARGET Summary of progress Progress
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Objective No. Target Action No. Act
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Annex 3b Marine and Coastal Ecosyst
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Annex 3c Farmland and Lowland Ecosy
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Annex 3d Freshwater and Wetland Eco
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Annex 3e Woodland Ecosystems Group
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Annex 3f Upland Ecosystems Group Ob
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Scotland's Wildlife â an assessment of biodiversity in 20