A regional perspective on poverty in Myanmar - United Nations ...

Poverty in Myanmar 2
Contents
Executive summary ................................................................................................................................. 4
Introduction............................................................................................................................................. 6
The state of poverty and inequality ........................................................................................................ 7
Poverty incidence ................................................................................................................................ 7
Overall poverty incidence................................................................................................................ 7
Poverty Gap ......................................................................................................................................... 8
Changes in the poverty gap............................................................................................................. 8
Adjusted poverty lines and gaps ..................................................................................................... 9
Poverty and ethnicity .................................................................................................................... 10
Poverty dynamics .............................................................................................................................. 11
Poverty dynamics and inertia........................................................................................................ 11
Reasons for poverty entry ............................................................................................................. 13
Hypothetical cost to eliminate poverty............................................................................................. 14
Income and poverty .............................................................................................................................. 15
Employment ...................................................................................................................................... 15
Labour force .................................................................................................................................. 15
Underemployment gap ................................................................................................................. 15
Migration....................................................................................................................................... 19
Main occupation............................................................................................................................ 20
Own account workers.................................................................................................................... 22
Agriculture......................................................................................................................................... 23
Land ownership ............................................................................................................................. 23
Mechanization............................................................................................................................... 26
Most significant problem .............................................................................................................. 26
Crop losses..................................................................................................................................... 27
Conclusion: poverty in Myanmar .......................................................................................................... 29
Second Part ........................................................................................................................................... 31
Development potentials for the selected states and regions ............................................................... 31
Development potentials for the selected states and regions ............................................................... 32
Technical note ................................................................................................................................... 32
Ayeyarwady ....................................................................................................................................... 34
Bago................................................................................................................................................... 36
Chin.................................................................................................................................................... 39
Magway ............................................................................................................................................. 41