Anthropology - Butler University

serum creatinine by ≥50% from baseline. The follow-up period for this study was the inpatient
admission upon which the patient was included into the cohort.
Results A total of 405 and 454 patients in the 2007 and 2010 groups, respectively, were included
in analysis. Mean (range) age of patients in the 2007 vs. 2010 study groups were 2 years (1
month – 17 years) vs. 3 years (1 month – 17 years), respectively (p = 0.57). The mean empiric
vancomycin dose (mg/kg/day) was significantly higher in the 2010 vs. 2007 group (43.2 ± 16.6
vs. 40.1 ± 14.6, p = < 0.05). The mean empiric trough concentration was also higher in the 2010
vs. 2007 group (10.7 ± 7.9 vs. 8.6 ± 4.3, p = < 0.05). The groups did not differ with respect to
AKI defined by ICD-9 coding. However, there was a greater incidence in patients categorized
with AKI (8.4% vs. 5.2%, p = 0.065) or renal failure (11.7% vs. 7.7%, p = 0.048) in the 2010 vs.
2007 groups, respectively.
Conclusions Based on the change in empiric dosing and assessed trough serum concentrations,
there was a relationship shown between increased empiric dosing and a rise in serum creatinine
≥50% from baseline. Although other factors, such as concomitant nephrotoxins, were
comparable between the two study groups, a clinically significant increase in AKI occurred in
the 2010 vs. 2007 study group which reflects an association with higher empiric vancomycin
dosing.
Neighborhood Correlates of Body Size in Adults in Marion County, IN
Cam Thompson, Faculty Sponsors: Marjorie Hennessy & Priscilla Ryder, Butler University
The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (CDC BRFSS, 1985-2009) shows a progressive
trend for rising prevalence in overweight and obesity rates nation-wide, which the Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) points out has dramatically increased in the last 20 years.
Especially as overweight and obesity rates reach epidemic proportions for children, adolescents,
and adults, their prevalence become more pressing public health concerns (WHO, 2006) in the
United States and other economically developed and urbanized countries, where the trend has
become most noticeable in recent years (Wang & Lobstein, 2006). The World Health
Organization (2006) reports that overweight and obesity rates are reaching epidemic proportions
for children, adolescents, and adults in economically developed and urbanized nations, like the
United States. Alarmingly, the CDC’s reports, like the most recent U.S. Obesity Trends
assessment (2010), warn the public that there is a strong link between overweight and obesity
rates with increased risks for medical conditions like cardiovascular disease, strokes, certain
types of cancers, and type-2 diabetes. Past research, however, has focused on the biological and
behavioral correlates of obesity (Pearce & Witten, 2010), while attention toward how the
characteristics of the individual’s built environment really exacerbates biological and behavioral
factors, often referred to as an obesogenic environment, has gained recognition only recently
(Lake & Townshend, 2006). The CDC’s annual BRFSS (1985-2009), for instance, assesses the
phenomenon on a state-wide and national level. In addition to the CDC, the majority of other
literature focused on the social and environmental factors (Hill & Peters, 1998; Gortmaker, Must,
Sobol, Peterson, Colditz & Dietz, 1996; Esptein, Paluch, Gordy, & Dorn, 2000) address state
level or census tracts, but investigation seldom reaches the smaller neighborhood level.
Therefore, a secondary analysis of de-identified data from the 2005 Marion County Needs
Assessment Report will be performed, in addition to drawing upon literary reviews, surveys,