41845358-Antisemitism

292 NOTES TO PAGES 120–130
6. Quoted by Julius Carlebach, Karl Marx and the Radical Critique of Judaism (London:
Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1978), 192.
7. Jacob Neusner, The Economics of the Mishnah (Chicago: University of Chicago
Press, 1990), ix-xiv, 1–5.
8. Heinrich Graetz, The Structure of Jewish History and Other Essays, trans. and
ed. Ismar Schorsch (New York: Jewish Theological Seminary of America,
1975), 217.
9. Henri Pirenne, Economic and Social History of the Middle Ages, trans. I. E. Clegg
(London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner, 1936), 3.
10. Robert S. Lopez and Irving W. Raymond, eds., Medieval Trade in the Mediterranean
World (New York: Norton, n.d.), 29–33.
11. Quoted in Salo W. Baron, A Social and Religious History of the Jews, 2nd ed., 18
vols. (New York: Columbia University Press, 1952–83), 4:151; hereafter cited
as SWB.
12. Quoted in ibid., 12:l77.
13. Benjamin N. Nelson, “The Usurer and the Merchant Prince: Italian Businessmen
and the Ecclesiastical Law of Restitution, 1100–1550,” Journal of Economic
History 7, Supplement (1947): 120.
14. Robert Chazan, Medieval Jewry in Northern France: A Political and Social History
(Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1973), l03; idem, Medieval Stereotypes
and Modern Antisemitism (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1997), 122–23.
15. James Parkes, The Jew in the Medieval Community, 2nd ed. (New York: Hermon
Press, l976), 337–38.
16. Neusner, Economics of the Mishnah, 93.
17. As paraphrased by Neusner, ibid., 102.
18. Quoted in Parkes, Medieval Community, 341.
19. SWB, 12:135.
20. Sidney Painter, The Reign of King John (l949, reprint; Baltimore: John Hopkins
University Press, l968), l39.
21. Quoted by SWB, 10:144.
22. H. H. Ben-Sasson, ed., A History of the Jewish People (Cambridge, MA: Harvard
University Press, 1976), 472.
23. Charles de Secondat, Baron de Montesquieu, The Spirit of Laws, trans. Thomas
Nugent, Rev. J. V. Prichard, vol. 38 of The Great Books (Chicago: Encyclopaedia
Britannica, 1952), Book XXI, Chap. 20.
24. Quoted in Salo W. Baron, The Jewish Community (Philadelphia: Jewish Publication
Society, 1942), 1:211.
25. SWB, 12:198–99.
26. Baron, Jewish Community, 1:160.
27. Quoted in SWB, 4:152.
28. Parkes, Medieval Community, 149ff, 124.
29. Petri Abaelardi, Dialogus inter Philosophum, Judaeum et Christianum, Patrologiae
Cursus Completus, Series Latina, ed. J.-P. Migne (Paris: Parisiis, 1855), vol. 178,
col. 1618.
30. Norman Jones, God and the Moneylenders: Usury and Law in Early Modern England
(Oxford: Blackwell, 1989), 20, 170, 199.
31. Benzion Netanyahu, The Origins of the Inquisition in Fifteenth Century Spain
(New York: Random House, 1995), 1042–43, 1049, 950.
32. Quoted in Raphael Mahler, A History of Modern Jewry, 1780–1815 (New York:
Schocken, 1971), 282.