Using Historic Landscape Characterisation

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Using Historic Landscape Characterisation enclosures, laid out to a grid pattern demarcated only by ditches and shown to post-date the earlier mapping, may be allocated to Modern Enclosure (i.e. post circa AD1850). There are variations on this method, most notably in earlier projects, which used a predefined classification of HLC Types (the classification-led approach) and document-led approaches starting from the basis of historic maps, but the overall principles and logic remain the same. HLC Broad Types Unenclosed or unimproved land Enclosed land Woodland Industrial land Military Ornamental and recreational Settlements Orchards Communications Water and valley floor Water bodies The number of HLC Types can vary depending on the purpose of specific types of analysis, individual project objectives and the landscapes encountered, but there is a common core of HLC Types (see HLC Broad Types Box) that will allow each to be joined at a regional level. In all cases these types are subdivided. Enclosed Land, for example, might have medieval, post-medieval or modern divisions, or Industrial Land may be divided between areas that are active and those that are inactive. The result is hierarchical with, for example, the Surrey HLC possessing fourteen Broad Types and one hundred Sub-Types. The method is flexible enough to allow still further and more detailed characterisation below the subtypes at a more localised scale (e.g. for towns, Conservation Areas or building complexes). Use of GIS ensures that all HLC projects can produce additional characterisation above and beyond the Assarted land identified in the Hampshire HLC © Hampshire County Council 8
Principles & Methods Surrey HLC main types and local extract showing sub-types © Surrey County Council. OS licence LA 076872 definition of simple HLC Types. Aspects that can be characterised in more detail include time-depth and previous historic landscape character. The presence of medieval fields and settlement beneath parkland may be recorded, for instance, as may the extent of earlier woodland that had later been reduced through assarting and conversion to pasture. Such flexibility allows a wide variety of HLC analyses and map outputs, ranging from illustrations of boundary loss or change since the 19th century through to interpretative reconstructions of earlier land uses. The HLC mapping process is focused upon the historic components of the present-day landscape. Its primary objective is not, for example, to map the former extent of medieval field systems in a given area (although this may be achieved indirectly), but instead to illustrate where today’s landscape is broadly medieval in origin and in surviving character. It is this emphasis on the historic dimension of today’s landscape that gives HLC its strength as a tool for managing change in the future. 9
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Using Historic Landscape Characterisation

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