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TROPICAL WOODED SAVANNAH ECOSYSTEM SEMI-ARID ECOSYSTEM FRESH WATER ECOSYSTEM Tree and woodland Savannah Shrub Savannah Grassland savannah Steppe or large open land. Savannah and shrub land Prairie pastures Yaeres and Boves Flooded lands Limnogical (continental lakes) Lithological (continental rivers) Geographical Rivers traverse several . ecosystems due to the modification effect of water on microclimate and vegetation. Geographical Subalpine or Ericaceous belt (3.00-4.000m a.s.l) Afromontane MONTANE belt (1.600m- ECOSYSTEM 3.000m a.s.l) Submotane (1200-1600m) Source: UNEP/MINEF 1998 Geographical Latitudes 5° and 8° 20’ N and longitudes 9° 30’ and 15° 40’ E. Administrative N. West and Adamawa Provinces. Geographical Latitudes 8° 20’and 13° 10’ N and longitudes 12° 30’ and 15° 40’ E. Administrative North and far North provinces. The mountains are mostly located on the western half of the country’s continental plate. The mean altitude is between 1.000 m and 1.600 m a.s.l. The average annual temperature is 19.4°C and the mean annual rainfall is 2.000 mm. Soils Volcanic in the Western half, granitic in the S/E Adamawa. The climate is severe with clear differences between the daytime and night-time temperatures. Maximum temperatures vary between 40 and 42°C: end April and the minimum temperature is 17°C: Dec/Jan. Rainfall drops from south: 1.00 mm to 900 mm.to North: 900 to 400 mm per year. Soils The eastern plain lie on sedimentary soils. The Western soils are volcanic around the Mandara mountain and granitic north and south of the Mandara Mountains are coole,r their altitude eg Mt. Cameroon 4.095m has a temperature of 4) C but at Limbe (100masl . temperature is 32°C. soils are mainly volcanic.micro-climate is more humid, Tree and woodland savannah is found in the south and west of the ecosystem. Progressing to shrub savannah of Daniella oblonga and Lophira Ianceolata and then to grass savannah of imperata cylindricum and pennissetum purpureum. Three major features include the Benoue plain in the South/East littered by small hills, the dry Mandara region and the flood vegetation on the west known as the Boves and Yaérés. A special and unique vegetation of thorny scrubland occurs in the Mozogo Gogoko reserve of the Mayo Tsanga Division. Characteristic activities include fishing in the eastern flood plains: February – April as the waters recede. The lakes are classified in two categories namely; i. Craters or volcanic reservoirs ii. Subsistence or lowland Lakes iii. Basin Lakes i.e lake Chad iv. Artificial Lakes i.e. Lagdo The country’s mountains are noted for volcanic activity. the most recent was in 1999 on Mt Cameroon. Some flora lichens and orchids strive on recent mountain larva. 30
1.2.3 SPECIES The status and trend of species diversity is of great importance to biodiversity stakeholders in Cameroon. In spite of the many changes which result from several activities on the plant and animal species, the users and managers of biodiversity hardly notice the changes. A new breed of fish, cattle or sorghum may be developed within a species population completely un-noticed until a systematic species analysis is made from an existing base-data. . Also, most of the ecosystems do contain various species of microorganism which if sustainably managed can contribute to the richness of Cameroon biodiversity. 1.2.3.1 FLORAL BIODIVERSITY About 400 botanists have prospected the flora of Cameroon between 1861 and 2006. So far there are 235 families, 1779 genera and about 8500 species, among which are 410 exotic species (Onana, 2007) Table 21 summarizes the state of the Cameroon flora. The family of grasses alone comprises 7000 species Table 21 State of Cameroon Flora - 2008 Nature Number Remarks Families 235 Genera 1179 Species 8500-10000 Grasses 7000spp Exotics 411 Endemics 808 Useful 3000 Endangered 176 IUCN classification Invasive Species 11 Source: Onana 2007, Van der zon 1992 The following families which show relative abundance are: - Rubiaceae ………………….. 200 species - Leguminousae - Orchidaceae - Compositae - Craminae ……………………. 7000 species A huge number of plants in Cameroon have been put in the following uses: Local vegetables …………………………..150 Local spices ……………………………… 50 Edible fruits ……………………………….300 Oil producing species …………………….. 7 Natural drinks ………………………………24 including 3 feast liana Stimulants/beverage ………………………. 5 31
Page 1 and 2: REPUBLIC OF CAMEROON CAMEROON FOURT
Page 3 and 4: TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES ..
Page 5 and 6: 3.1.2 NATIONAL PLAN FOR ACHIEVING T
Page 7 and 8: Table 31: Some Major Common Invasiv
Page 9 and 10: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This report is the
Page 11 and 12: The adoption of National Commitment
Page 13 and 14: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Fourth Nation
Page 15 and 16: ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ANAFOR
Page 17 and 18: PROCEDURE USED FOR DEVELOPING THE R
Page 19 and 20: INTRODUCTION Cameroon’s Fourth Na
Page 21 and 22: The six mega-ecosystems (Fig 5) con
Page 23 and 24: The creation of new PAs in many par
Page 25 and 26: Ecosystem Case Study Martin Cheek (
Page 27 and 28: 1.1.2 HABITATS 1.1.2.1 OVERVIEW: As
Page 29 and 30: Baglafecht weaver Ploceus baglafech
Page 31 and 32: logs could not be found by the skid
Page 33 and 34: Table 11. Practical Measures for Ha
Page 35 and 36: 2 3 1 1. Filming of the Taiping Fou
Page 37 and 38: Two new species of coffee have been
Page 39 and 40: especially on the emphasis on tradi
Page 41 and 42: - Climate change: The climatic infl
Page 43 and 44: employ many people at a large scale
Page 45 and 46: Central zone covering the Sanaga, a
Page 47: - Articulate the coordinating role
Page 51 and 52: 1.2.3.1.3 THE RED DATA ON CAMEROON
Page 53 and 54: Table 25: Biodiversity Richness of
Page 55 and 56: Table 27(c) Various breeds of goats
Page 57 and 58: The main microbial groups reported
Page 59 and 60: Case study: Mycorrhizal Association
Page 61 and 62: 1.2.5. NEW DISCOVERIES Cameroon’s
Page 63 and 64: - lack of care and proper value of
Page 65 and 66: stakeholders. It will be important
Page 67 and 68: Objectives Table 35 Priority Activi
Page 69 and 70: Table 38: International Agreements
Page 71 and 72: “Principle 10” which asserts th
Page 73 and 74: 2.4 FUNDING DEDICATED TO PRIORITY A
Page 75 and 76: 2.5.2 SUCCESS IN IMPLEMENTING THE C
Page 77 and 78: K. Assistance to CBD Meetings Camer
Page 79 and 80: BOX 7: The Limbe Botanic and Zoolog
Page 81 and 82: fishermen, herdsmen, hunters, explo
Page 83 and 84: CHAPTER III BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATI
Page 85 and 86: 3.1.1 POVERTY REDUCTION PLAN Concre
Page 87 and 88: Forestry Rural Development - The Na
Page 89 and 90: 3.3 OTHER CONVENTION PROCESSESs Int
Page 91 and 92: Ta ble 46. Progress Towards “The
Page 93 and 94: Alien Species the NBSAP 6.2 Managem
Page 95 and 96: Annex III - Goals and objectives of
Page 97 and 98: 2.3 Developing countries parties in
Page 99 and 100:
4.3 CONCLUDING STATEMENT From the f
Page 101 and 102:
- NBSAP not disseminated to local c
Page 103 and 104:
APPENDICES Appendix I. Cultivated A
Page 105 and 106:
APPENDIX IV: Some Native Orchids of
Page 107 and 108:
WORKSHOP ON THE FOURTH NATIONAL REP
Page 109 and 110:
(22) 68. SNV 01 representative YAOU
Page 111 and 112:
Dynamics Plot. Centre for Tropical
Page 113:
Reserve, S.W Province Cameroon. Unp
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