ARTI Egitto definitivo - ARTI Puglia

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Fig. 2 - Distribution of GDP in Egypt in 2001 Trade, Finance & Insurance 21% Hotels and Restaurants 2% Housing and Real Estate 2% Government Services 7% Transportation 9% Construction 6% Electricity 2% Petroleum & Products 8% Industry & Mining 20% Social and Personal Services 7% Agricolture 16% Source: UNIDO 1.3. Land, Agriculture and Crops Warm weather and plentiful water permit several crops a year. Land is worked intensively and yields are high. Cotton, rice, wheat, corn, sugarcane, sugar beets, onions, and beans are the principal crops. Increasingly, a few modern techniques are applied to producing fruits, vegetables and flowers, in addition to cotton, for export. Further improvement is possible. The most common traditional farms occupy one acre (4,000 m²) each, typically in a canal-irrigated area along the banks of the Nile. Several researchers questioned the domestic (and import) policies for dealing with the socalled the "wheat game" since the former Minister of Agriculture Youssef Wali was in office. 16 THE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION SYSTEM IN EGYPT
In 2006, areas planted with wheat in Egypt exceeded 400 thousand acres (1,600 km²) producing approximately 8 million metric tons. The domestic supply price farmers receive in Egypt is 1200 (US$ 211) per ton compared to approximately EGP 1940 (US$ 340) per ton for import from the USA, Egypt's main supplier of wheat and corn. Egypt is, in fact, the U.S.'s largest market for wheat and corn sales, accounting for US$1 billion annually and about 46% of Egypt's needs from imported wheat. Other sources of imported wheat, include Kazakhstan, Canada, France, Syria, Argentina and Australia. There are plans to increase the areas planted with wheat up to nearly 3 million acres (12,000 km²) by 2017 to narrow the gap between domestic food supply and demand. The Western Desert accounts for about two-thirds of the country's land area. For the most part, it is a massive sandy plateau marked by seven major depressions. One of these, Fayoum, was connected about 3,600 years ago to the Nile by canals. Today, it is an important irrigated agricultural area. Practically all Egyptian agriculture takes place in some 25,000 km² (6 million acres) of fertile soil in the Nile Valley and Delta. Some desert lands are being developed for agriculture, including the controversial but ambitious Toshka project in Upper Egypt, but some other fertile lands in the Nile Valley and Delta are being lost to urbanization and erosion. Larger modern farms are becoming more important in the desert. The agriculture objectives on the desert lands are often questioned; the desert farm lands which were offered regularly at different levels and prices were restricted to a limited group of elites selected very carefully, who later profiteered retailing the granted large desert farm land by pieces. This allegedly transforms the desert farms to tourist resorts, hits all government plans to develop and improve the conditions of the poor, and causes serious negative impact on agriculture and the overall national economy over time. One company, for example, bought over 70 hectare of large desert farm for a price as low as EGP 0.05 (US$ 0.01) per square meter and now sells for EGP 300 (US$ 66)per square meter. In numbers, 70 hectares bought for about US$6,000 in 2000 sells for over US$3.7 million in 2007. Currently, no clear solution exists to deal with these activities. Agriculture biomass, including agricultural wastes and animal manure, produce approximately 30 million metric tons of dry material per year that could be massively and decisively used, inter alia, for generating bioenergy and improve the quality of life in rural Egypt. Unfortunately, this resource remain terribly underutilized. 1.4. Water Resources "Egypt," wrote the Greek historian Herodotus 25 centuries ago, "is the gift of the Nile." The land's seemingly inexhaustible resources of water and soil carried by this mighty river created in the Nile Valley and Delta. Without the Nile, Egypt would be little more than a desert wasteland. 17 1. EGYPTIAN ECONOMY
Page 1 and 2: October 2008 THE RESEARCH AND INNOV
Page 4: ARTI International Booklets ARTI, R
Page 7 and 8: 3. Education in Egypt 3.1. Introduc
Page 10: Part one: general framework 10
Page 13 and 14: Through sound fiscal and monetary p
Page 15: Table 3 - GDP per capita (EGP = Egy
Page 19 and 20: Egypt's mineral and energy resource
Page 21 and 22: except with IMF approval. Egypt thu
Page 23 and 24: - Living conditions of the average
Page 25 and 26: Egypt has 90 industrial areas which
Page 27 and 28: In June 1997, the responsibility of
Page 29 and 30: 2.8. Summary With the appointment o
Page 31 and 32: The public education system consist
Page 33 and 34: Special Education: In the year 2000
Page 35 and 36: The second stage is more specialize
Page 37 and 38: Higher education includes non-unive
Page 39 and 40: 4. SCIENCE IN EGYPT 4.1. Introducti
Page 41 and 42: important role in establishing the
Page 43 and 44: play an effective role in transferr
Page 45 and 46: 4.2.7. Mubarak City for Scientific
Page 47 and 48: 5. Research, Development and Innova
Page 49 and 50: important factor is the Social Fund
Page 51 and 52: Gharably Engineering Co. El Nasr Cl
Page 53 and 54: - Energy and Renewable Energy - Nuc
Page 55 and 56: human resources, priority of nation
Page 57 and 58: Fig.8 - Percentage of budget for sc
Page 59 and 60: The main research areas are energy,
Page 62 and 63: 6. Introduction In Part 2 we will p
Page 64 and 65: Current research areas and topics -
Page 66 and 67:
aosherif@mailer.eun.eg aosherif@eng
Page 68 and 69:
- High Performance Computing in Aer
Page 70 and 71:
Egyptian Academy of Science US-NSF
Page 72 and 73:
- Professors: 38 - Ass. Professors:
Page 74 and 75:
- Dairy products - Extraction and D
Page 76 and 77:
Participation to national and inter
Page 78 and 79:
- Humanitarian demining (Robotics a
Page 80 and 81:
- Robot Society of Japan, since 198
Page 82 and 83:
- Development of Flexible manufactu
Page 84 and 85:
- Renewable Energy Number and quali
Page 86 and 87:
Offered services - Technical consul
Page 88 and 89:
- Consultations Business model of t
Page 90 and 91:
Registered patents, licenses The ne
Page 92 and 93:
- Unix - Java - Mobile Application
Page 94 and 95:
ndarwish@ieee.org Year of establish
Page 96 and 97:
- Protocols and contracts through f
Page 98 and 99:
Number and qualification of the emp
Page 100 and 101:
- Microwave Devices - Optoelectroni
Page 102 and 103:
- Network planning Department - Tra
Page 104 and 105:
Participation to international prog
Page 106 and 107:
Business model of the offered servi
Page 108 and 109:
Participation to national and inter
Page 110 and 111:
Many partnerships and collaboration
Page 112 and 113:
Funding Sources Governmental and pr
Page 114 and 115:
- Research Projects (research grant
Page 116 and 117:
Business model of the offered servi
Page 118 and 119:
Professors: 3 Researchers: 16 Offer
Page 120 and 121:
7.6. Renewable Energy Department of
Page 122 and 123:
- Computers & Systems - Informatics
Page 124 and 125:
Contact Person Prof. Dr. Ahmed El-B
Page 126 and 127:
- Power Electronics Prof. Dr. Amr A
Page 128 and 129:
1983 Associated institutes/ bodies
Page 130 and 131:
7.7. Other National Research Center
Page 132 and 133:
CE=Ceramics; ME = Mechanical Engine
Page 134 and 135:
- In Vitro Multiplication Molecular
Page 136 and 137:
Contaminated and Toxic Bio fibers f
show all

ARTI Egitto definitivo - ARTI Puglia

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?