ARTI Egitto definitivo - ARTI Puglia

computer centers and research institutes throughout Egypt and is the Egyptian gateway to
the Internet . Internet use is available to all universities, faculty members, and graduate
students (with about 1300 users in the mid-1990s). More than 80 organizations throughout
Egypt can also access it.
3.5. International Cooperation Projects for Basic Education
Extensive foreign influence is apparent throughout Egyptian education. Examples include
UNESCO and Fulbright support of overseas teacher training, World Bank engagement in
distance education and educational reform as part of loan programs, and technical and
scientific education aid using expertise, facilities, and equipment from Americans, French,
Germans, Italians, and Japanese. UNICEF aids in development of educational materials.
Teachers are sent overseas to the United States, the United Kingdom, and France for
training. The Egyptian-Swiss Fund for Development works to improve primary education.
Pan Arabic conferences set the aims and goals of education in Egypt and other nations.
3.6. Higher Education
Higher education is provided by universities and higher institutes of technical and
professional training, both public and private. Responsibility for higher education lies mainly
with the Ministry of Higher Education. Organization and administration, as well as academic
programs, are determined by laws, decrees and government regulations. The State
universities are under the authority of the Supreme Council of Universities. Universities
have full academic and administrative autonomy. They also carry out scientific research.
The higher institutes of professional and technical training award qualifications equivalent to
the first qualification conferred by the universities. Open college education was introduced
at the universities of Cairo, Alexandria and Assiut in 1991. Private universities are entitled
to implement their own criteria of admission and to set fees without intervention from the
Ministry. Besides, Some Egyptian universities have begun to establish certain modified
curricula which can be joined by students paying their own fees. This can represent and
important source of funding as most of the students are constitutionally granted free
education .
The higher education system in Egypt is made up of 18 public universities with more than
2.4 million students, 12 public non-university institutions, and 22 private universities
providing technical and professional training. Of the 12 non-university institutions, 8 are
two year upper secondary-level technical institutes (MTI), and four- or five year higher
education-level technical institutes. Those are joined by 115 private institutes giving the
same type of education. There are more than 63.000 teaching staff in the Egyptian higher
education.
The first stage of higher education consists of four to six years of multidisciplinary study in
basic subjects. They lead to the award of the Baccalaureate degree. In Medicine, studies
last for six years, with one additional year of practical work. The best graduates are usually
offered the positions of a teaching assistant.
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THE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION SYSTEM IN EGYPT