rapid assessment of drinking-water quality in the republic of tajikistan

Table 3.13 Results of sanitary inspections
Questions for the sanitary risk inspection
PIPED WATER-TREATMENT PROCESS: 342 SITES INSPECTED
Risk frequency (%)
1 Are cracks evident in the pre-filters? 14.0
2 Are there leaks in the mixing tank? 21.9
3 Is the mixing tank in an unsanitary condition? 5.3
4 Are there hydraulic surges at the intake? 6.1
5 Is any sedimentation tank unsanitary? 47.4
6 Is the air and water-supply distribution in any sand bed uneven? 12.0
7 Are there mud balls or cracks in any of the filters? 3.2
8 Are there cross connections between backwashed and treated water? 4.1
9 Is there evidence of insufficient coagulant dosing (e.g. alum)? 9.9
10 Are free residual chlorine concentrations (minimum, 0.2 mg/l) not being achieved? 19.0
PIPED WATER-DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM: 944 SITES INSPECTED
1 Do any taps or pipes leak at the sample site? 7.7
2 Does water collect around the sample site? 16.7
3 Is the area around the tap unsanitary? 3.4
4 Is there a sewer or latrine within 30 m of any tap? 2.4
5 Has there been discontinuity in the last 10 days? 56.4
6 Is the supply main exposed in the sampling area? 6.9
7 Do users report any pipe breaks within the last week? 2.3
8 Is the supply tank cracked or leaking? 1.8
9 Are the vents and covers on the tank damaged or unsanitary? 6.6
10 Is the inspection cover or concrete around the cover damaged or corroded? 14.9
PROTECTED SPRING: 334 SITES INSPECTED
1 Is the spring unprotected? 44.3
2 Is the masonry protecting the spring faulty? 37.7
3 Is the backfill area behind the retaining wall eroded? 7.8
4 Does spilt water flood the collection area? 12.9
5 Is the fence absent or faulty? 63.2
6 Can animals have access within 10 m of the spring? 52.4
7 Is there a latrine uphill and/or within 30 m of the spring? 1.5
8 Does surface water collect uphill of the spring? 7.2
9 Is the diversion ditch above the spring absent or nonfunctional? 18.6
10 Are there any other sources of pollution uphill of the spring (e.g. solid waste)? 12.3
HOUSEHOLD CONTAINER: 119 SITES INSPECTED
1 Is the water storage container used for storing any other liquid/material? 6.7
2 Is the water storage container kept at ground level? 21.0
3 Is the water storage container lid/cover absent or not in place? 6.7
4 Is the storage container cracked or leaking or unsanitary? 3.4
5 Is the area around the storage container unsanitary? 23.5
6 Do any animals have access to the area around the storage container? 5.0
7 Is the tap/utensil used to draw water from the container unsanitary? 5.0
8 Is the water from the container also used for washing/bathing? 21.0
9 Has there been discontinuity in water supply in the last 10 days? 17.6
10 Is the water obtained from more than one source? 35.3
HOUSEHOLD PIPED WATER: 41 SITES INSPECTED
1 Is the tap sited outside the house (e.g. in the yard)? 12.2
2 Is the water stored in a container inside the house? 19.5
3 Are any taps leaking or damaged? 4.9
4 Are any taps shared with other households? 7.3
5 Is the area around the tap unsanitary? 17.1
6 Are there any leaks in the household pipes? 7.3
7 Do animals have access to the area around the pipe? 4.9
8 Have users reported pipe breaks in the last week? 4.9
9 Has there been discontinuity in water supply in the last 10 days? 17.1
10 Is the water obtained from more than one source? 24.4
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