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I von are going to hear two friends, Josie and Adam, talking at their sports club. Before you listen, look at the picture. Can you guess which sports they take part in? ................. E Wl,isten and check if you were right. !l m Listen again and fill in the gaps. Stop the recording when you need to. 1 Josie thinks Tom Castle was chosen -fu**X.. he's the coach's nephew. 2 Adambelieves that Tom is certainly to be captain. 3 Adam suggests Josie ought to be in the team herself she seems to know so much about the subject. 4 Josie objects that she isn't .............. ... to play volleyball. 5 Adam points out that Melanie is .................... that she's one of the best players. 6 fosie says that going to judo once a week gives her ................ 7 She thinks that volleyball would take .............. 8 She adds that they have ........ after school. 9 Adam says that he has been training every duy ................ be really fit. 10 The coach told Adam that he plays ............ 11. Some of the older players may drop out they've got to do. !l I,oot at your answers to questions 2,4,6 and 10 in Exercise 3. Why is the word order different in 6? 2W
L Expressing reason Because, as and since Because, as and since: r introduce the reason for something . go at the beginning or in the middle of a sentence: They had to choose him as /because / s'ince he's the coach's nephew. As / Becutse / Since he's the coach's nephew, they had to choose him. Notice that if they go at the beginning, there ii usually a comma in the middle of the sentence. Because is stronger than as and since, but they are often used in a similar way: As / Since / Becantse I hadn't done my homeworle, I didn't understand the lesson. h, Because (but not as or since) can be used to begin the answer to a question beginning vnth wlry: Question: Why didn't you understand the lesson? Answer: Beca.use I hadn't done my homework. (notW ry+emew€&) 5o and therefore So and therefore: o introduce the result of something. So usually goes in the middle of a sentence: They may need a new goalleeeper so I want to be ready. Therefore goes at the beginning of a new sentence: They may need a new goalleeeper. Therefore I want to be ready. We could also say: I want to be ready because they may need a new goalkeeper. Compare these sentences, which have the same meaning: I hadn't done my homework so I didn't understand the lesson. I hadn't done my homework. Therefore I didnl understand the lesson. As / Since / Beca.use I hadn't done my homework, I didn't understand the lesson. So is more common in speaking. Therefore is more common in writing. 208
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