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Use of English
For questions 1-15, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each
space. Use only one word in each space. There is an example at the beginning (0).
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ANTARCTICA
It is probable that until two hundred years (O) .......*9o-......., Antarctica had never been seen
by any human eyes. The first people who are known to have seen it (1) ................... hunters
on ships in 1819. Two years later, one of them (2) .................... to land there even
(3) ........ ........ conditions prevented him from exploring very far. Larger scientific expeditions
later came to the Antarctic to find out more. By the end of the nineteenth century they had
succeeded in mapping the coast of the continent, in (4) ....... ........... of the fact that
Antarctica is almost entirely covered by a thick (5) .. ............... of ice which in places
stretches far (6) the edge of the land onto the sea.
There was something else which attracted people to Antarctica (7) .................. scientific
research. This was the South Pole. A number of attempts to reach it were (8) ...................... in
the early years of the twentieth century, (9) . ...... ........ the first person to get there was the
Norwegian, Roald Amundsen, in 7977. Travelling with dogs (10) ... ............. pull the sledges
(11) ..... ............. carried his party's supplies, he arrived (12) .................... the pole five weeks
before his rivals, a British group (13) . ..... ......... by Robert Scott.
(14) . ............... the terrible weather conditions, many nations now have scientific bases on
Antarctica, (15) ......... ........ out research on a great range of subjects.
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