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supported by a few studies, that<br />

GABA taken orally doesn’t cross the<br />

blood-brain barrier and enter into the<br />

brain in amounts substantial enough<br />

to have a calming effect. However, I<br />

have seen such dramatic results with<br />

GABA, and with so many clients, that<br />

I am a firm believer in oral GABA.<br />

The neurotransmitter serotonin is<br />

the brain’s natural “happy, feel-good”<br />

chemical. If people have sufficient<br />

serotonin, they’ll feel calm,<br />

easygoing, relaxed, positive,<br />

confident, and flexible. They won’t<br />

have afternoon and evening carb<br />

cravings, and they will sleep well.<br />

While most research on serotonin and<br />

its precursors, tryptophan and 5-HTP<br />

(5-hydroxytryptophan), has focused<br />

on depression, there is evidence that<br />

low serotonin is involved in anxiety<br />

disorders (Birdsall, 1998). Serotonin<br />

levels also affect sleep, anger, PMS,<br />

carbohydrate cravings, addictive<br />

behaviors, and tolerance of heat and<br />

pain (Birsdall, 1998).<br />

Supplements of 5-HTP, the<br />

intermediate between tryptophan and<br />

serotonin, increases serotonin levels<br />

and is effective for relieving anxiety<br />

(Birdsall, 1998). In particular, it can<br />

be helpful with panic attacks and<br />

generalized anxiety (Lake, 2007), and<br />

agoraphobia (Kahn et al., 1987). It is<br />

also effective for depression, binge<br />

eating, carbohydrate cravings,<br />

headaches, sleep problems, and<br />

fibromyalgia (Birsdall, 1998).<br />

Tryptophan, which first converts to<br />

5-HTP and then to serotonin, has<br />

benefits similar to those of 5-HTP<br />

(Lehnert & Wurtman, 1993; Ross,<br />

2004). In one study (Zang, 1991), 58<br />

percent of patients with generalized<br />

anxiety who took 3 grams of<br />

tryptophan daily experienced<br />

significantly less anxiety. A more<br />

recent study (Hudson, Hudson, &<br />

MacKenzie, 2007) suggests that a<br />

functional food rich in tryptophan,<br />

made primarily of pumpkin seeds,<br />

could be an effective treatment for<br />

social anxiety. An hour after eating<br />

this functional food, subjects were<br />

less anxious when asked to speak in<br />

front of others.<br />

Social Anxiety / Pyroluria can be<br />

addressed with Zinc and Vitamin<br />

B6<br />

Low levels of the mineral zinc and<br />

vitamin B 6 are frequently associated<br />

with a type of anxiety characterized<br />

by social anxiety, avoidance of<br />

crowds, a feeling of inner tension,<br />

and bouts of depression. People with<br />

this problem experience varying<br />

degrees of anxiety or fear, often<br />

starting in childhood, but they usually<br />

manage to cover it up. They tend to<br />

build their life around one person,<br />

become more of a loner over time,<br />

have difficulty handling stress or<br />

change, and have heightened anxiety<br />

symptoms when under more stress.<br />

This constellation of symptoms is<br />

often the result of a genetic condition<br />

called pyroluria, also known as high<br />

mauve, pyrrole disorder, pyrroluria,<br />

pyrolleuria, malvaria, and elevated<br />

kryptopyrroles. Supplementing with<br />

zinc and vitamin B 6 improves the<br />

many signs and symptoms of<br />

pyroluria (McGinnis et al., 2008a;<br />

2008b; Mathews-Larson, 2001).<br />

In Conclusion<br />

The effects of other nutrients (such<br />

as low vitamin D) and hormone<br />

imbalances must also be considered.<br />

Simple lifestyle changes that include<br />

sleep, exercise and yoga can have a<br />

great impact.<br />

A 2013 study that looked at the<br />

effects of tryptophan supplementation<br />

and tryptophan-containing diets on<br />

fostering interpersonal trust (Colzato,<br />

2013) sums it up beautifully: the<br />

“results support the materialist<br />

approach that ‘you are what you<br />

eat’—the idea that the food one eats<br />

has a bearing on one’s state of mind.<br />

Food may thus act as a cognitive<br />

enhancer that modulates the way one<br />

thinks and perceives the physical and<br />

social world.”<br />

Food Mood Expert Trudy Scott is a<br />

certified nutritionist on a mission to<br />

educate and empower women<br />

worldwide about the healing powers<br />

of food in order to find natural<br />

solutions for their anxiety,<br />

depression, emotional eating and<br />

sugar cravings. Trudy works with<br />

clients one-on-one and in groups,<br />

serving as a catalyst in bringing about<br />

life enhancing mood transformations<br />

that start with eating real whole food<br />

and using some pretty amazing<br />

nutrients. Trudy is author of The<br />

Antianxiety Food Solution: How the<br />

Foods You Eat Can Help You Calm<br />

Your Anxious Mind, Improve Your<br />

Mood & End Cravings (New<br />

Harbinger, 2011). Trudy publishes an<br />

electronic newsletter entitled Food,<br />

Mood and Gal Stuff, available at<br />

www.everywomanover29.com and<br />

www.antianxietyfoodsolution.com<br />

References<br />

Addolorato, G., Mirijello, A., D’Angelo,<br />

C., Leggio, L., Ferrulli, A., Abenavoli, L.<br />

et al. (2008). State and trait anxiety and<br />

depression in patients affected by<br />

gastrointestinal diseases: Psychometric<br />

evaluation of 1641 patients referred to an<br />

internal medicine outpatient setting.<br />

International Journal of Clinical Practice<br />

62(7):1063-1069.<br />

Birdsall, T. C. (1998). 5-<br />

Hydroxytryptophan: A clinicallyeffective<br />

serotonin precursor. Alternative<br />

Medicine Review 3(4):271-280.<br />

Cassels, C. (2010). Whole diet may ward<br />

off depression and anxiety. Medscape<br />

Medical News. www.medscape.com/<br />

viewarticle/715239.<br />

Clementz, G. L., & Dailey, J. W. (1988).<br />

Psychotropic effects of caffeine.<br />

American Family Physician 37(5):167-<br />

172.<br />

Continued on page 111<br />

Somatic Psychotherapy Today | Fall 2014 | Volume 4 Number 2 | page 43

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