The Swedish National Innovation System 1970-2003 - Vinnova

1 Introduction 3
i. concluding analysis 5
2 Innovation System Analysis – Executive Summary 6
3 Innovation Policy Challenges 9
ii. innovation system competitiveness 11
4 Economic Competitiveness 12
5 Job Creation 17
6 Innovation Competitiveness 21
iii. technology and science performance 25
7 Technological Performance 26
8 Science Performance 28
iv. innovation activities and interactions 30
9 Business Innovation Activities 31
10 University and Institute Research 34
11 Interaction Patterns 37
v. r&d structures and human resources 42
12 R&D Structures 43
13 Human Resources 45
vi. financing and incentive structures 49
14 Financing of R&D 50
15 Seed-financing and Venture Capital 53
16 Incentive Structures 55
Notes 59
Bibliography 61
2 THE SWEDISH NATIONAL INNOVATION SYSTEM 1970–2003