Apple Orchard 1980 Fall v1n2 reduced

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Sirius Software announces TWO CONTESTS 1. STAR CRUISER Does something unusual when you score over 9999. Be the first to describe what happens and win $100 cash. Earliest postmarked correct entry wins. Send your entry with the face sheet from the package or other proof of purchase to Sirius,Software. 2. E-Z DRAW We're looking for the most creative use of E-Z Draw. Judging will be done by members of the Apple Sac Club based on originality, artistic merit, and practicality. First prize will be $100 cash and ten runners up will each receive their choice of either E-Z Draw, Starcruiser or both barrels. Entries for both contests must be postmarked before 12/31 /80. Star Cruiser entries need only send proof of purch11e with a written de1crlptlon of what happened when they ocored over 9999. E·Z Draw entries must be submitted on appla compatible diskette. Entries must Include name, address & phone number. Dl1kettes will be returnad to the conte1t1nt1 but we cannot guarantee safe retum and we will not a11ume reaponslbillty beyon• the cost of a blank diskette for any work 1ubmltted. Wlnnero of the conteot1 will be contacted directly and the names of all winners will be announced In advertisements In this magazine after January 1, 1981. Conteot void where prohibited by law. Employee1 or family of Slrlu1 Software or their distributors are excluded from participation. SIRIUS SOFTWARE is proud to announce that SYNERGISTIC SOFTWARE is now a distributor for these products. Contact your local dealer or call SYNERGISTIC SOFTWARE at (206) 641-1917. SIRIUS SOFTWARE 1537 Howe Avenue #106 Sacramento, CA 95825 (916) 920-8981 SYNERGISTIC SOFTWARE 5221 120th Ave. S.E. Bellevue, WA 98006 (206) 641-1917
FALL 1980 THE APPLE ORCHARD PAGE 29 concacc ,_ 91applC! computCr inc. the user group newsletter A Look Inside the Apple Ill by Barry Yarkoni Apple Computer, Inc. By now, you have probably read about the Apple Ill, and possibly seen one at your local computer dealer. Most of the attention has been focused on the features of the Apple Ill, like improved graphics, increased memory capacity, and the processor design. Surprisingly little emphasis has been placed on one of the most advanced aspects of the Apple 111; that is, its operating system, SOS. What is SOS How does it work How do you use it Let's take a look. SOS separates tlie Apple 111 programmer from the detailed aspects of the machine operation without sacrificing flexibility or capability. To do this, SOS operates at many different levels. We'll look at SOS from the top level, the external interfaces. Most applications programmers will never even see SOS. They will utilize its capabilities through various commands provided by high level languages. For those programmers, this will provide some understanding of what's going on underneath the languages. The operating system presents five sets of interfaces to external programs, the File Management Interface, the Device Management Interface, the Memory Management Interface, the User Interrupt Interface, and the Utilities Interface. SOS File Management Interface The File Management interface provides the caller with a view of the system based on files. You can look at almost any device on the system as a file (whether or not it is actually a disk file). Files can contain various amounts of information. A disk file may contain many thousands of bytes of data in some known quantity, while an RS232 Port contains an unknown number, but an ordered set .of bytes. Files can also be "acceptors" of information, as is the case with a printer. A file is simply a "container" for some quantity of information. Two types of files are known to SOS, local files and directory files. SOS doesn't know (and doesn't care) what's in an local file. On the other hand, SOS is intimately familiar with the contents and meaning of a directory file. A directory file contains the names and locations of various local files in the system. At any particular time, the system may have many local files and also many directory files! But it may contain only one Master Directory. All the files in an Apple Ill system are organized in a "tree" structure, with the Master directory as the " root". The Master directory may contain local and directory files. Those directory files may contain other local and d irectory files, and so on. A file name must be unique only within a directory file. That is, you can have a file with the same name in some other directory. How does the Apple Ill know which file you are talking about if two files have the same name Simple. When you
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Apple Orchard 1980 Fall v1n2 reduced

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