Geant4 Simulations for the Radon Electric Dipole Moment Search at

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2.4 GRIFFIN Spectrometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 3 Geant4 Developments for the RnEDM Experiment 32 3.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 3.1.1 Previous Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 3.1.2 Modifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 3.2 Simulation Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 3.2.1 Geant4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 3.2.2 Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 3.2.3 Volumes and Geometry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 3.2.4 Physical Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 3.2.5 Simulated Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 3.3 Simulating β-Decay Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 3.3.1 Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 3.3.2 Particle Emission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 3.4 Simulating Angular Distributions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 3.4.1 Beta Particle Anisotropies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 3.4.2 Gamma-Ray Anisotropies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 3.4.3 Tracking m-States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 3.5 RnEDM Geant4 Geometry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 3.5.1 Cell and Oven Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 3.5.2 LaBr 3 (Ce) Scintillator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 3.6 Data Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 3.6.1 The GUGI Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 3.6.2 Output Data and Sort Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 iv
4 Results 60 4.1 γ-Ray Spectroscopy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 4.1.1 Efficiencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 4.1.2 223 Rn β-Decay Spectra . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 4.2 Frequency Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 4.2.1 Multipolarity Effects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 4.2.2 Fitting Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 4.2.3 Statistical Limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 4.3 LaBr 3 (Ce) Detectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 5 Conclusions and Future Directions 79 5.1 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 5.2 Future Directions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 Appendix A 83 Appendix B 88 Bibliography 103 v
Page 1 and 2: GEANT4 SIMULATIONS FOR THE RADON EL
Page 3 and 4: Dictated but not read. i
Page 5: Contents Acknowledgements ii 1 Intr
Page 9 and 10: List of Figures 1.1 An illustration
Page 11 and 12: Chapter 1 Introduction Thesearchfor
Page 13 and 14: ˆP ր ˆT ց Figure 1.1: An illust
Page 15 and 16: 1.1.1 CP Violation Following the ob
Page 17 and 18: Figure 1.2: Experimental upper limi
Page 19 and 20: Figure 1.3: Illustration of the dou
Page 21 and 22: Chapter 2 RnEDM Experiment at TRIUM
Page 23 and 24: Figure 2.1: A schematic of the ISAC
Page 25 and 26: a measurement cell. The RnEDM exper
Page 27 and 28: NMR techniques, and supplementing s
Page 29 and 30: Occupied Orbitals Fine Structure Hy
Page 31 and 32: energy levels are separated accordi
Page 33 and 34: (σ + ) along the axis of the B fie
Page 35 and 36: atom and absorbed by another. Radia
Page 37 and 38: anaverageof120kHzphotopeakcountrate
Page 39 and 40: Figure 2.7: One GRIFFIN/TIGRESS HPG
Page 41 and 42: (a) One GRIFFIN detector in the HPG
Page 43 and 44: 3.1 Introduction 3.1.1 Previous Wor
Page 45 and 46: energies, branching ratios, emissio
Page 47 and 48: used around the measurement cell in
Page 49 and 50: 3.2.5 Simulated Data Thecodewaswrit
Page 51 and 52: lower its total energy. Internal co
Page 53 and 54: 10000 1000 2 χ red = 1.21 t 1/2 =
Page 55 and 56: as [47] I(E) = G 2π 3 7 c 6 | M i
Page 57 and 58:
was to use an average X-ray energy
Page 59 and 60:
1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 P = 100% P = 75% P
Page 61 and 62:
where (a b c d | e f) are Clebsch-G
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2 2 1.5 J i = 5/2, J f = 5/2 J i =
Page 65 and 66:
of radius 10 cm, allowing the GRIFF
Page 67 and 68:
(a) Screenshot showing the detector
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3.6.2 Output Data and Sort Codes Th
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(user-defined option), secondly toa
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30 Absolute Efficiency (%) 25 20 15
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11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1e+06 Cou
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4.2.1 Multipolarity Effects The sha
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Figure 4.7: The time projections an
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distribution, this average intensit
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Table 4.1: The fit results for the
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12 10 linear regression: y = 0.2243
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15 Linear Counts (e+04) 10 5 0 1e+0
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Chapter 5 Conclusions and Future Di
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simulated given sufficient parent a
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Appendix A Figure A.1: Simulated de
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Figure A.3: Simulated decay scheme
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Figure A.5: Simulated decay scheme
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6 out = (1/(1+∆ˆ2))*(f(k,jf,L1,L
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44 return; 45 end 46 if abs(m) > j
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1 % LegendreP.m 2 function P = Lege
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39 xx(i+1,j+1) = r(i+1,1)*sin((i*re
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11 %warning('m1 + m2 + m3 must equa
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23 end 24 % ////////// 25 j1 = J1;
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33 if L1 == L2 && ∆ == 0 34 title
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Bibliography [1] J. M. Pendlebury a
Page 115 and 116:
[25] P. G. Bricault, M. Dombsky, Je
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[47] RichardA.Dunlap. An introducti
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