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Benmouyal, Gabriel, and Joe Mooney. “Advanced Sequence Elements for Line Current Differential Protection.” September 2006. Tziouvaras, Demetrios. “Relay Performance During Major System Disturbances.” September 2006. Roberts, Jeff, and Armando Guzmán. “Directional Element Design and Evaluation.” August 2006. Tziouvaras, Demetrios. “Protection of High-Voltage AC Cables.” January 2006. Abboud, Ricardo, Walmer Ferreira Soares, and Fernando Goldman. “Challenges and Solutions in the Protection of a Long Line in the Furnas System.” November 2005. Zimmerman, Karl, and Dan Roth. “Evaluation of Distance and Directional Relay Elements on Lines With Power Transformers or Open-Delta VTs.” September 2005. Benmouyal, Gabriel. “The Trajectories of Line Current Differential Faults in the Alpha Plane.” September 2005. Zhou, Zexin, Xiaofan Shen, Daqing Hou, and Shaojun Chen. “Analog Simulator Tests Qualify Distance Relay Designs to Today’s Stringent Protection Requirements.” September 2005. Mooney, Joe, and Normann Fischer. “Application Guidelines for Power Swing Detection on Transmission Systems.” September 2005. Zimmerman, Karl, and David Costello. “Impedance- Based Fault Location Experience.” August 2004. Benmouyal, Gabriel, Daqing Hou, and Demetrios Tziouvaras. “Zero-Setting Power-Swing Blocking Protection.” March 2005. Tziouvaras, Demetrios, Jeff Roberts, and Gabriel Benmouyal. “New Multi-Ended Fault Location Design for Two- or Three-Terminal Lines.” November 2004. Topham, Graeme, and Edmund Stokes-Waller. “Steady- State Protection Study for the Application of Series Capacitors in the Empangeni 400 kV Network.” October 2004. Calero, Fernando, and Daqing Hou. “Practical Considerations for Single-Pole-Trip Line-Protection Schemes.” September 2004. Benmouyal, Gabriel, and Tony Lee. “Securing Sequence- Current Differential Elements.” September 2004. Fodero, Ken, and Girolamo Rosselli. “Applying Digital Current Differential Systems Over Leased Digital Service.” September 2004. Moxley, Roy. “Analyze Relay Fault Data to Improve Service Reliability.” March 2004. Schweitzer III, Edmund O., Ken Behrendt and Tony Lee. “Digital Communications for Power System Protection: Security, Availability, and Speed.” January 2004. Tziouvaras, Demetrios, and Daqing Hou. “Out-of-Step Protection Fundamentals and Advancements.” December 2003. Henville, Charlie, Ralph Folkers, Allen Hiebert, and Rudi Wierckx. “Dynamic Simulations Challenge Protection Performance.” October 2003. Benmouyal, Gabriel, Michael Bryson, and Marc Palmer. “Implementing a Line Thermal Protection Element Using Programmable Logic.” September 2003. Carroll, Debra, John Dorfner, Tony Lee, Ken Fodero, and Chris Huntley. “Resolving Digital Line Current Differential Relay Security and Dependability Problems: A Case History.” September 2002. Tziouvaras, Demetrios, Héctor Altuve, Gabriel Benmouyal, and Jeff Roberts. “Line Differential Protection With an Enhanced Characteristic.” July 2002. Guzmán, Armando, Joe Mooney, Gabriel Benmouyal, and Normann Fischer. “Transmission Line Protection System for Increasing Power System Requirements.” April 2001. Alexander, George, Joe Mooney, and William Tyska. “Advanced Application Guidelines for Ground Fault Protection.” October 2001. Roberts, Jeff, Demetrios Tziouvaras, Gabriel Benmouyal, and Hector J. Altuve. “The Effect of Multiprinciple Line Protection on Dependability and Security.” February 2001. Costello, David. “Understanding and Analyzing Event Report Information.” October 2000. 84 | Journal of Reliable Power
Hou, Daqing, and Jeff Roberts. “Capacitive Voltage Transformers: Transient Overreach Concerns and Solutions for Distance Relaying.” July 2000. Benmouyal, Gabriel, and Jeff Roberts. “Superimposed Quantities: Their True Nature and Application in Relays.” October 1999. Zocholl, Stanley E. “Symmetrical Components: Line Transposition.” March 1999. Behrendt, Kenneth. “Relay-to-Relay Digital Logic Communication for Line Protection, Monitoring, and Control.” November 1998. Fleming, Bill. “Negative-Sequence Impedance Directional Element.” February 1998. Schweitzer III, Edmund O., Bill Fleming, Tony Lee, and Paul Anderson. “Reliability Analysis of Transmission Protection Using Fault Tree Methods.” October 1997. Hou, Daqing, Armando Guzmán, and Jeff Roberts. “Innovative Solutions Improve Transmission Line Protection.” October 1997. Mooney, Joe, and Jackie Peer. “Application Guidelines for Ground Fault Protection.” October 1997. Schweitzer III, Edmund O., and John Kumm. “Statistical Comparison and Evaluation of Pilot Protection Schemes.” October 1996. Guzmán, Armando, Jeff Roberts, and Daqing Hou. “New Ground Directional Elements Operate Reliably for Changing System Conditions.” September 1996. Mooney, Joe. “Microprocessor-Based Transmission Line Relay Applications.” March 1996. Roberts, Jeff, Edmund O. Schweitzer III, Renu Arora, and Ernie Poggi. “Limits to the Sensitivity of Ground Directional and Distance Protection.” October 1995. Zocholl, Stanley E. “Three-Phase Circuit Analysis and the Mysterious k 0 Factor.” September 1995. Roberts, Jeff, Armando Guzmán, and Edmund O. Schweitzer III. “Z = V/I Does Not Make a Distance Relay.” April 1994. Schweitzer III, Edmund O. “A Review of Impedance- Based Fault Locating Experience.” June 1993. Schweitzer III, Edmund O., and Jeff Roberts. “Distance Relay Element Design.” April 1993. Zimmerman, Karl, and Joe Mooney. “Comparing Ground Directional Element Performance Using Field Data.” April 1993. Schweitzer III, Edmund O., and Daqing Hou. “Filtering for Protective Relays.” April 1993. Roberts, Jeff, and Edmund O. Schweitzer III. “Analysis of Event Reports.” April 1991. Schweitzer III, Edmund O. “New Developments in Distance Relay Polarization and Fault Type Selection.” October 1989. Line Protection Bibliography | 85
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$12.00 Journal of Reliable Power Vo
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Journal of Reliable Power Volume 1
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Capable of running protection calcu
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Both P and Q are two-input phase an
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TABLE 1: MHO ELEMENT POLARIZING CHO
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For an Aφ-ground fault on the syst
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The most onerous 3φ fault is one w
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If the angle is near +120°, then t
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Impedance-Based Fault Location Expe
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A. Simple Reactance Method From Fig
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Figure 9 shows a screen capture of
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The relay then performs “torque
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IX. LAB TEST SETUP Several line fau
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APPENDIX The following are the rela
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The following shows the analog math
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Digital Communications for Power Sy
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increasing security by a factor of
Page 35 and 36: The receiver amplifier is the major
Page 37 and 38: Noise from faults or other sources
Page 39 and 40: 80 60 40 20 R F 100 3 3 S 2 5 6 4 1
Page 41 and 42: 15. A POTT scheme implemented over
Page 43 and 44: Transmission Line Protection System
Page 45 and 46: One-Cycle Directional Element Figur
Page 47 and 48: element misoperation. Shunt reactor
Page 49 and 50: • SW2 is in Position 1 when there
Page 51 and 52: Complete reclosing relay supervisio
Page 53 and 54: IX. BIOGRAPHIES Armando Guzmán, P.
Page 55 and 56: 2 II. COMMON ZONE TIMING In June 20
Page 57 and 58: 4 ment 67N2 after a 1-cycle carrier
Page 59 and 60: 6 VI. ZONE 1 OVERREACH DUE TO CVT I
Page 61 and 62: 8 1_VA 1_VB 1_VC 2_VA 2_VB 2_VC 3_V
Page 63 and 64: 10 The phasors during the fault are
Page 65 and 66: 12 The prefault data from the backu
Page 67 and 68: 1 Adaptive Phase and Ground Quadril
Page 69 and 70: 3 C. Short Line Applications A shor
Page 71 and 72: 5 II. QUADRILATERAL DISTANCE ELEMEN
Page 73 and 74: 7 For the purpose of implementing t
Page 75 and 76: 9 The three-phase fault detection e
Page 77 and 78: 11 Zone 1 distance elements should
Page 79 and 80: 13 Fig. 24 shows the apparent resis
Page 81 and 82: 15 B. Adaptive Resistance Element F
Page 83 and 84: 17 Fig. 34 and Fig. 35 illustrate t
Page 85: Line Protection Bibliography Issue
Page 90: ©2010 Schweitzer Engineering Labor
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