Nearshore Habitat Use by Juvenile Chinook Salmon in Lentic ...

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Number of schools 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 Time FIGURE 51. — Number of Chinook salmon schools observed on June 16, 2004 between 0600 h and 1200 h at McClellan Pier, Lake Washington. At McClellan Pier, Chinook salmon were observed moving along the shore in both a northerly and southerly direction. In 2003, we observed 64% of the schools moving in a northerly direction; whereas, in 2004 we observed 85% moving north. Combined (2003 and 2004), 47% of the schools were small (0 to 50 fish), 36% were medium-sized (50 to100 fish), 16% were large (100-200 fish) and 1% were very large schools (> 200 fish). As Chinook salmon approached McClellan Pier they were typically in water that was 1.5 to 2 m deep (Figure 52) and 12 to15 m from the shore. When they got to within 3 to 4 m of the pier, they swam to deeper water and usually swam under the pier where the water depth was about 2.1 to 4.5 m deep. On a few rare occasions, fish did not go under the pier but headed into deeper waters and appear to turn around and head in the opposite direction. After most fish swam under the pier, they usually swam back towards shore and returned to the same depth as they were before encountering the pier. On some occasions, Chinook salmon continued to move to deeper water after they past under the pier. We could not tell if they eventually returned to the shoreline. 85
FIGURE 52.—Photo of a group of juvenile Chinook salmon moving along the shore at McClellan Pier, Lake Washington, June 2003. Water depth at this location was about 1.7 to 2 m deep. Besides McClellan Pier, we surveyed 11 other piers. They were all surveyed close to the moon apogee, the time period (2003 and 2004) when Chinook salmon were abundant at McClellan Pier. The location of juvenile Chinook salmon appeared to be related to the presence of Eurasian milfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum). If milfoil was present, Chinook salmon were in deeper water and further from shore; however, the depth of Chinook salmon above the milfoil appear to be similar as the total water column depth if the milfoil was absent (i.e., McClellan Pier). Therefore the top of the milfoil appeared to act as the bottom of the water column to Chinook salmon. Milfoil was absent or rare at four locations, McClellan Pier, Beer Sheva Park, Island Drive, and Madison Park, and the mean water column depth of Chinook salmon before encountering the pier was 2.1 m. In contrast, the mean water column depth of Chinook salmon at piers with milfoil was 4.0 m. At Edgewater Apartments and Stan Sayres Park, the top of the milfoil was close to the water surface along the entire length of the dock and few Chinook salmon were observed. At Groveland Park, Jefferson Street, and Seward Park, milfoil was close to the water surface along the length of the dock except at the offshore end of the pier and therefore Chinook salmon were only seen at the end of the dock and they did not appear to change their behavior in response to the pier. Movement of Chinook salmon to deeper water as they approached the pier was observed at Mt Baker and Madison Park piers. At the Island Drive pier, Chinook salmon were observed moving closer to shore as they approached the dock. This 86
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U.S. Fish and IU.S. Wildlife FishSe
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SUMMARY In 2003 and 2004, we contin
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An overhanging vegetation/small woo
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Table of Contents Page SUMMARY ....
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List of Figures Figure Page FIGURE
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FIGURE 37.—Water column depth (m)
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The major tributary to Lake Washing
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Fry emerge from their redds from Ja
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FIGURE 2.—Location of index sites
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most dates (Figure 4). Unlike 2002,
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Chinook/m 2 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 Wes
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0.3 Mercer Island Chinook/m 2 0.2 0
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particularly valuable. Shoreline im
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FIGURE 8.—Map of south Lake Washi
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FIGURE 10—Map of south Lake Washi
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# of marked Chinook 40 30 20 10 0 A
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CHAPTER 3. RESTORATION SITES Introd
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Beer Sheva Park.—At Beer Sheva Pa
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Results Seward Park, 2003.—In 200
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4 3.5 Chinook/100 m 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0
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Martha Washington Park, 2003.—In
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120 Chinook/100 m 100 80 60 40 20 s
Page 45 and 46: snorkeling and scuba diving were co
Page 47 and 48: Water column depth (m) . 0.80 0.60
Page 49 and 50: CHAPTER 5. FEEDING AT TRIBUTARY MOU
Page 51 and 52: FIGURE 28.—Location of four south
Page 53 and 54: FIGURE 29.—Photos of sites used t
Page 55 and 56: sampling. At night, Chinook salmon
Page 57 and 58: TABLE 5.—Diet overlap indices (C)
Page 59 and 60: TABLE 7.—Diet overlap indices (C)
Page 61 and 62: TABLE 10.—Diet composition of juv
Page 63 and 64: The lack of a large difference betw
Page 65 and 66: CHAPTER 6. USE OF NONNATAL TRIBUTAR
Page 67 and 68: shallow to snorkel were surveyed th
Page 69 and 70: Number of Chinook ff 700 600 500 40
Page 71 and 72: column depth used by Chinook salmon
Page 73 and 74: Chinook / m . 5 4 3 2 1 2003 - upst
Page 75 and 76: TABLE 13.—Diet overlap index (C)
Page 77 and 78: (P. Castle, WDFW, unpublished data)
Page 79 and 80: FIGURE 41.—Placement of Scotch br
Page 81 and 82: FIGURE 43.—Photo of a group of ju
Page 83 and 84: CHAPTER 8. LAKE QUINAULT SURVEYS In
Page 85 and 86: FIGURE 45.—Photos of large woody
Page 87 and 88: Similar to April surveys, the nears
Page 89 and 90: Chinook / 100m . 500 400 300 200 10
Page 91 and 92: Tabor and Wurtsbaugh (1991) conclud
Page 93 and 94: FIGURE 48.—Location of south Lake
Page 95: FIGURE 49.—Conducting visual obse
Page 99 and 100: ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We wish to thank He
Page 101 and 102: workshop, Shoreline, Washington, No
Page 103 and 104: Paron, D.G., and E. Nelson. 2001. S
Page 105 and 106: Werner, E.E., and D.J. Hall. 1988.
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Nearshore Habitat Use by Juvenile Chinook Salmon in Lentic ...

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