Rangeland condition and feed resources in Metema District, North ...

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management practice and a lower livestock impact in the enclosure areas. This result is in agreement with earlier reports (Admasu 2006; Amaha 2006; Teshome 2006). Table 23. Herbaceous species composition (% DM biomass) and their desirability by grazing type in cotton–livestock farming system in Metema Grazing types Herbaceous species Category % composition Remark Communal C. ciliaris DS 21.2 Grasses P. sphacelatum DS 5.8 S. pumila DS 10.4 B. lata DS 6.2 U. fatamensis LD 1.4 R. fistulosa LD 16.66 Urochloa cf. brchyura LD 1.2 T. triandria HD 2.6 C. dyctlon HD 1.4 Ahiya abish (local name) UD Legumes Alysicarpus quartinianus LD Vigna membranacea Chamaecrista mimosoides (L) Euphhorbia indica UD Sedges Spermacoce sphaerostima UD 1.3 Hygrophilla schulli UD 10.4 Kedrostis foetidissima LD 0.63 Commelina subula UD 0.5 Road side C. dyctlon HD 3.4 Grasses Cypres spp. LD 6.7 C ciliaris DS 14.9 S. pumila DS 17.2 U. fatamensis LD 5.3 R. fistulosa LD 5.2 E. floccifolia LD 23.6 Ahiya abish (local name) UD 13.2 Legumes A. quartinianus LD 8.0 V. membranacea DS Road side Cyanotis barbata UD Sedges LD UD H. schulli UD S. sphaerostima UD Bidens setigera UD K. foetidissima LD Zennia elegans Jaquin. UD 42
Grazing types Herbaceous species Category % composition Remark Enclosure P. sphacelatum DS 6.1 Grasses C. ciliaris DS 6.5 S. pumila DS 5.2 B. lata DS 1.9 U. fatamensis LD 5.2 T. triandra HD 22.6 H. rufa HD 24.4 C. dyctlon HD 5.8 Indigofera spicata DS Legumes A. quartinianus LD Dismodium dichotomum (Klein) DS Hibiscus articulatus HD Sedges C. barbata UD C. subula UD H. vitifolius L. DS HD = highly desirable, DS = desirable, LD = less desirable. Woody vegetation A total of 17 woody species were recorded (Table 24), and 17.7, 41.2, 35.3 and 5.9% are highly desirable, desirable, less desirable and undesirable species, respectively. A. polyacantha, A. seyal, A. senegal and B. papirefera are the dominant species whereas, A. tortolis, A. leiocarpus, B. aegyptiaca, F. sycomorus, G. ternifolia, P. lucens, T. laxiflora and Z. spina-christi are commonly found in communal grazing areas. In road side grazing areas, A. polyacantha, A. tortilis and D. cinerea are the dominant species, while A. seyal, A. leiocarpus, A. senegal, B. papyrifera, Z. spina-christi are common. In the enclosure grazing areas, A. leiocarpus, P. lucens, A. seyal and Z. spina-christi are dominant woody plant species and A. polyacantha, B. aegyptiaca, B. papyrifera, A. senegal, and T. laxiflora are common. The proportion of desirable species in this farming system is considerably higher than the highly desirable and less desirable species. This could favour raising browsing livestock species like goats and camels. 4.8.4 Vegetation in the sesame–livestock farming system Herbaceous species Herbaceous species obtained in sesame based farming system and their percentage composition is presented in (Table 25). 43
Page 1 and 2:
www.ipms-ethiopia.org www.eap.gov.e
Page 3 and 4: Authors’ affiliations Tesfaye Des
Page 5 and 6: 4.7 Availability of natural pasture
Page 7 and 8: Table 20. Common and dominant grass
Page 9 and 10: Abbreviations ADF ADL AEZ ANOVA ANR
Page 11 and 12: Abstract The study was conducted in
Page 13 and 14: 1 Introduction Ethiopia, with its d
Page 15 and 16: 2 Background 2.1 Livestock resource
Page 17 and 18: availability of rainfall. Alemayehu
Page 19 and 20: fauna composition or a transition f
Page 21 and 22: change. A change in plant compositi
Page 23 and 24: The four classes of range condition
Page 25 and 26: 2.8 Biomass estimation methods Biom
Page 27 and 28: are the Gumuz people. Until recentl
Page 29 and 30: Enclosures used as benchmark was se
Page 31 and 32: the distribution was assessed as fo
Page 33 and 34: samples for herbaceous species and
Page 35 and 36: The overall educational status of t
Page 37 and 38: Table 6. Mean ± SE land holding an
Page 39 and 40: Table 8. Livestock herd structures
Page 41 and 42: espectively, while 93.6, 4.3 2.1% r
Page 43 and 44: 4.7.2 Crop residues production and
Page 45 and 46: Table 13. Percentages of respondent
Page 47 and 48: than in P. spheslatum and C. ciliar
Page 49 and 50: of the respondents (69.3%) water th
Page 51 and 52: Table 20. Common and dominant grass
Page 53: owsing height of the animals. Accor
Page 57 and 58: Table 25. Herbaceous species compos
Page 59 and 60: low density a decade ago, but curre
Page 61 and 62: 2004). Based on the results of this
Page 63 and 64: at the landscape scale; short tempo
Page 65 and 66: Soil compaction also directly restr
Page 67 and 68: Dry matter biomass 18000 16000 1400
Page 69 and 70: i.e. 312,300 ha, about 71% is natur
Page 71 and 72: • Transhumance production system
Page 73 and 74: Beruk Yemane and Tafesse Mesifin, 2
Page 75 and 76: van der Westhuizen, HC van Rensburg
Page 77 and 78: Appendix Table 2. Criteria for the
Page 79 and 80: Appendix Table 4. Herbaceous specie
Page 81 and 82: Appendix Table 5. Correlation matri
Page 87 and 88: Source: IPMS (2005). Appendix Figur
Page 89 and 90: Appendix Figure 5. Partial view of
Page 91 and 92: Appendix Figure 9. Communal grazing
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Rangeland condition and feed resources in Metema District, North ...

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