Rangeland condition and feed resources in Metema District, North ...

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establishing enclosures is an alternative method of improving the rangelands. A similar observation was made by Ayana (1999); Amsalu (2000); Admasu (2006); Amaha (2006); Teshome (2006); Lishan (2007) who reported that good range condition class in enclosure areas in Bale, Somali, Borana, Rift valley, Somali and Hamer and Bena-Tesmay areas of Ethiopia, respectively. 4.10 Biomass production 4.10.1 Dry matter biomass production in different grazing types by farming system Communal grazing areas Data on dry matter biomass production of highly desirable, intermediate and less desirable grasses in the communal grazing areas are presented by farming system in Table 30. Table 30. Dry matter biomass (kg/ha) of the communal grazing areas by farming system in Metema district Parameters CLFS Mean ± SE SLFS Mean ± SE Total grasses 2396.6 ± 370.17a 3282.2 ± 598.77b Highly desirable 143.3 ± 22.14a 145.1 ± 27.46a Intermediate 1562.8 ± 242.38a 1929.0 ± 352.6b Less desirable 690.2 ± 106.61a 1206.5 ± 221.29b Legumes 699.2 ± 56.69a 923.3 ± 213.74b Others 488.7 ± 128.09a 802.1 ± 163.14b Total biomass 3584.4 ± 403.34a 5007.6 ± 664.25b CLFS = cotton–livestock farming system, SLFS = sesame–livestock farming system. Means with different superscripts in a row differ significantly (P
Soil compaction also directly restricts root growth because as soils become compacted only fewer large pores are present and so there is little space for roots to enter (Amaha 2006). In semi-arid rangelands, under similar rainfall conditions, soil type will have an effect on plant biomass production. Plant biomass and standing crop are affected by species composition and density (Alemayehu 2005). Road side grazing areas In the road side grazing areas, dry matter biomass production of total grass, legumes, others and total biomass production are significantly (P
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www.ipms-ethiopia.org www.eap.gov.e
Page 3 and 4:
Authors’ affiliations Tesfaye Des
Page 5 and 6:
4.7 Availability of natural pasture
Page 7 and 8:
Table 20. Common and dominant grass
Page 9 and 10:
Abbreviations ADF ADL AEZ ANOVA ANR
Page 11 and 12:
Abstract The study was conducted in
Page 13 and 14: 1 Introduction Ethiopia, with its d
Page 15 and 16: 2 Background 2.1 Livestock resource
Page 17 and 18: availability of rainfall. Alemayehu
Page 19 and 20: fauna composition or a transition f
Page 21 and 22: change. A change in plant compositi
Page 23 and 24: The four classes of range condition
Page 25 and 26: 2.8 Biomass estimation methods Biom
Page 27 and 28: are the Gumuz people. Until recentl
Page 29 and 30: Enclosures used as benchmark was se
Page 31 and 32: the distribution was assessed as fo
Page 33 and 34: samples for herbaceous species and
Page 35 and 36: The overall educational status of t
Page 37 and 38: Table 6. Mean ± SE land holding an
Page 39 and 40: Table 8. Livestock herd structures
Page 41 and 42: espectively, while 93.6, 4.3 2.1% r
Page 43 and 44: 4.7.2 Crop residues production and
Page 45 and 46: Table 13. Percentages of respondent
Page 47 and 48: than in P. spheslatum and C. ciliar
Page 49 and 50: of the respondents (69.3%) water th
Page 51 and 52: Table 20. Common and dominant grass
Page 53 and 54: owsing height of the animals. Accor
Page 55 and 56: Grazing types Herbaceous species Ca
Page 57 and 58: Table 25. Herbaceous species compos
Page 59 and 60: low density a decade ago, but curre
Page 61 and 62: 2004). Based on the results of this
Page 63: at the landscape scale; short tempo
Page 67 and 68: Dry matter biomass 18000 16000 1400
Page 69 and 70: i.e. 312,300 ha, about 71% is natur
Page 71 and 72: • Transhumance production system
Page 73 and 74: Beruk Yemane and Tafesse Mesifin, 2
Page 75 and 76: van der Westhuizen, HC van Rensburg
Page 77 and 78: Appendix Table 2. Criteria for the
Page 79 and 80: Appendix Table 4. Herbaceous specie
Page 81 and 82: Appendix Table 5. Correlation matri
Page 87 and 88: Source: IPMS (2005). Appendix Figur
Page 89 and 90: Appendix Figure 5. Partial view of
Page 91 and 92: Appendix Figure 9. Communal grazing
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