The Eleventh Regional Wheat Workshop For Eastern ... - Cimmyt

Milling and baking quality ofEthiopian bread wheat cultivars - Solomon et al.
definitely because of the severe disease infestation (especially rust) during the growing year.
It can be evidenced from the fact that FLY of the same varieties in the previous year (1997),
when there was no severe disease, was above international standard [(73.0-80.5%) (Table 6)].
Four varieties: Dashen, Galama, Megal and Abola were found to possess superior quality
characteristics. The FPC of Dashen (12.1%), Megal (10.8%), Galama (10.7) and Abola
(10.6%) are acceptable. Abola (MDT value 3.4 min.) is categorized as 'strong' wheat while
Dashen (2.9 min.), Galama (2.7 min) and Megal (2.3 min) have medium dough strength.
Hence, the four varieties are the most desirable ones for good bread making because the
relatively medium to long MDT value indicates their high quality gluten and hence, higher
water absorption capacity (Stewart, 1984; Williams et ai., 1986; Finney et ai., 1987). The
LFV of these five varieties is acceptable (827-964 ml per a loaf of 100g flour). The other
varieties are categorized under 'weak' wheat and may be utilized for making biscuits.
This work is only a preliminary work on quality research of bread wheat varieties in Ethiopia.
Further investigation need to be undertaken by considering additional factors such as more
fertilizer levels, edaphic and meteorological data so that more detailed and reliable
classification could be made on the varieties. Disease should, as much as possible, be
minimized because it is obvious that disease occurrence has deleterious effect on gram
quality of cereals. Economic analysis should be made on the production costs.
Furthermore, research institutes should co-work with different agro-industries and local users
so that the feedback will be utilized in breeding programs to incorporate important quality
controlling genes into a high yielding and disease resistant commercial varieties.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
This trial was financially supported by EARO and the CIMMYT/EU project "Strengthening
Wheat BreedinglPathology Research by NARS in East Africa':.
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