queer masculinities

Gary P. Leupp: Japan 141
30 Yoshinobu Hiratsuka, Nihon in okeru nanshoku no kenkyû (Tokyo: Ningen no
kagakusha shuppan jigyôbu, 1987).
31 Tokyo: Heibonsha, 1992. Much of this material is available now in English.
I translated the Denbu Monogatari as an appendix to Male Colors (205–17).
William Scott Wilson translated sections of the samurai treatise Hagakure, as
Hagakure: The Book of the Samurai (Tokyo: Kodansha, 1979).
32 Personal correspondence, August 28, 1995.
33 Some other non-academic contributions include Makoto Furukawa, ‘Kindai
Nihon ni okeru dôseiai no shakaishi’, Za Gei (May 1992); ‘Sekushuariti no
henyô. Kindai Nihon ni okeru dôseiai no mittsu no ko’, Nichibei Josei
Jânaru, vol. 17 (1994); ‘Dôseiai no hikaku shakaigaku: Rezubian, gei sutadiizu
no tenkai to danshoku gainen’, in Inoue, Toshi, Ueno, Chizuko et al.
(eds), Sekushuariti no shakaigaku (Tokyo: Iwanami shoten, 1995).
34 Kazuo Hanasaki, Edo no kagema chaya (Tokyo: Miki shobô, 1992), 7.
35 Ujiie (1989), 121ff.
36 Anthropologist Ruth Benedict was reasonably accurate in reporting soon
after the Second World War that ‘We have many taboos on erotic pleasure
which the Japanese do not have. [In Japan] [t]here is nothing evil about
“human feelings” and therefore no need to be moralistic about sex pleasures.’
See Benedict, The Chrysanthemum and the Sword (Boston: Houghton-
Mifflin Co., 1946), 183–4. She adds that in Japan ‘moralistic attitudes are
inappropriate’ towards relationships between ‘adult men’ and ‘boy partners’,
187–8.
37 Ôshima Nagisa’s 1999 film Gohatto (Taboo), set in Kyoto in 1865, involving
a samurai male–male sex plotline, and starring the popular actor ‘Beat’
Takashi, brought nanshoku into the cinematographic mainstream.
38 Win Lunsing, ‘ “Gay Boom” in Japan: Changing Views of Homosexuality?’
Thamyris: Mythmaking from Past to Present, 4.2 (Autumn 1997), 272–5. On
male homosexuality in women’s comics see also Mark McLelland, ‘The Love
Between Beautiful Boys in Japanese Women’s Comics’, Journal of Gender
Studies, 9.1 (2000).
39 Another older Japanese female scholar, a personal friend of mine, having
heard of my intention to publish a book on nanshoku, called me to confirm
rumor of a ‘scandal.’ She could not imagine why a married man would write
such a book.
40 Hajime Shibayama, Edo nanshoku kô. Shikidô hen (Tokyo: Hihyôsha, 1993,
37).
41 Pflugfelder uses the term ‘virile gaze’ to refer to the way in which the ‘elder
brother’ or male brothel customer apprehended the object of desire. See
Cartographies of Desire, 35–6.
42 See his review in Monumenta Nipponica, 53, 2, 278.
43 Review in Journal of Japanese Studies, 23.1 (1997), 199–201
44 Early Modern Japan: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 6.1 (Summer 1997).
45 Chris Berry, Review of Gary P. Leupp, Male Colors: Japanese Studies, 18. 2
(September 1998), 208.
46 Leupp, Male Colors, 11, 198–201.
47 Pflugfelder, Cartographies of Desire, 92–6.
48 Mikito Ujiie. ‘Shudô ni tsuite,’ Sexuality and Edo Culture, 1750–1850: Papers
Presented; Jones (ed.), 115–18.