tandem vector owner's manual

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SIGMA TANDEM SYSTEM OWNER’S MANUAL ALTITUDE AND TIME RECOMMENDATIONS When performing <strong>tandem</strong> jumps the following altitude recommendations apply: A. Exit above 7,500 AGL. B. Deploy drogue within 5 seconds after exit. C. Minimum exit altitude is 4,500 AGL (not applicable during training or probationary jumps). D. Minimum main deployment altitude is 4,000 AGL. (5,500 AGL is recommended) E. Reserve initiation altitude is 2,500 AGL. A. Exit aircraft above 7500 AGL: It is important to exit with sufficient altitude to respond to a variety of situations. The speed and altitude lost during unstable freefall without the drogue is hard to imagine for the uninitiated Tandem Instructor candidate. Unusual situations such as a collapsed drogue, or drogue in tow will eat up your altitude faster than you can imagine. Refer to Section 4: Emergencies and Malfunctions, for details on the possible problems you may encounter. B. Deploy drogue within 5 seconds after exit: This gives the Tandem Instructor time to feel the stability of freefall, but is before terminal velocity, saving wear and tear on the parachute system. If the drogue is deployed during Tandem terminal (170+MPH), and functions properly it will take approximately 10 seconds to reduce your terminal velocity to normal (120 mph). Therefore, you should wait at least 10 seconds after deploying the drogue in this situation before you deploy the main by pulling the drogue release handle. In other words, if you want to deploy the drogue after Tandem terminal is reached, you must allow two thousand feet after deploying the drogue for deceleration before pulling the drogue release handle and deploying the main. This is not to say that the system will not work if you release the drogue immediately after deploying it at Tandem terminal. It is to say that the faster you go, the harder the openings, which will surely reduce the life of the parachute system. Lastly, deploying the drogue approximately 5 seconds after exit will allow you time to assess a drogue malfunction situation, thus giving you ample time to deploy the reserve before Tandem terminal has been reached. C. Minimum exit altitude is 4500 AGL: For the same reasons stated in (A), this is the absolute lowest you should exit. If you experienced any problem from this altitude you would have to respond quickly and decisively to get the situation under control and still leave sufficient time to respond to malfunction situations. These lower exit altitudes should only be reserved for the most experienced Tandem Instructors. D. Minimum main deployment altitude is 4,000 AGL and the recomended altitude is 5,500 AGL This is a recommendation that should be taken very seriously. The added complexities of performing emergency actions as well as the speed with which you will pass through the remaining 4000 feet leave little time to deal with any other problem which may arise, such as student interference. The Tandem pair should always exit last due to this higher planned opening altitude. This will help prevent any traffic problems with other jumpers. Remember your AAD will “Fire” at approximately 2,000ft. Page 2:X Section 3: Instructor Techniques • Chapter 3 - Freefall / Drogue-Fall 11301 - 00.00.0000
SIGMA TANDEM SYSTEM OWNER’S MANUAL E. Reserve initiation altitude is 2,500 AGL For all the reasons mentioned above, do not delay the execution of reserve procedures. If the situation calls for it, make a decision and carry it out. The following chart (Fig. 1) shows the difference between freefall and drogue fall. Notice the increase in speed and the decrease in available time. Distance Covered In 50 seconds 8,400 Ft. (2,560m) Droguefall 12,500 Ft. (3,810m) Freefall Fig. 1 STABILITY CONTROL A. Arch B. Anticipation C. Manipulation A. Arch: What the Tandem Instructor does is more important than what the student does. The Tandem Instructor should concentrate on good training for the student in the proper body position, and then on his own body position on the exit with focus on using the relative wind to achive instant stability. If the Tandem Instructor attains a good arch right out the door, then chances are the pair will gain stability easily. Incredibly enough, many instability problems are caused by a bad Tandem Instructor body position. Specifically, many problems start because the Tandem Instructor fails to throw a hard arch on exit, and ignore the relative wind . While a poor exit resulting in instability is not inherently dangerous (except when it leads to unstable drogue deployment), it is nonetheless unnecessary and unacceptable. A poor exit is defined as any exit creating a combination of uncontrolled loops or rolls immediately after exit. It is not acceptable to loop an AFF exit, nor is it acceptable to loop an airplane on takeoff with a first time student, and Tandem is no different. While everyone will “blow” an exit every now and then, it should be the rare exception, and not the norm. Ironically, the smallest students can be the most difficult to control. Example: When you hit a badminton birdie, the weighted end always ends up below. The same can hold with a Tandem pair. If a large Tandem Instructor makes a poor exit with a small student, it is very possible for them to end up back to earth (with the heavier of the pair below). 11301 - 00.00.0000 Section 3: Instructor Techniques • Chapter 3 - Freefall / Drogue-Fall Page 3:X
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SIGMA TANDEM SYSTEM OWNER’S MANUA
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SECTION 1: THE SIGMA TANDEM SYSTEM
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CHAPTER 2 APPLICANT & COURSE INFORM
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CHAPTER 1 DESCRIPTION
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CHAPTER 2 OPERATION
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