Prospects for Coal Briquettes as a Substitute Fuel for Wood and ...

I.
A. A.I.D. IS ~~R~~~~ ON A F5RCBLEF MAT IS ITICAL IN DOZENS OF
5EVEbOPING COUNTRIES. THAT PRCX3.LEW I FU ELWOOD SHQRTPC; ES.
~ ~ E ~ N OF ~ A ONE ~ POTE I O TIAL ~ samm IS OCCURRING EN
HAITI AND ~A~ISTAN--S~~~~
ESS IXAL BRIQUETTES,
Fuelwood shortages and potenti al shortages are pervasqve ~ ~ r the ~ ~ g
developing world, as the following sections document. One proposed
solutfon is the substitution of a mokeless, coal-based cookTng fuel
where coal resources are available. The idea is even movlng towards
realization ln two developing countriesa Hait! and Pakistan. Phls
prospectus descri bes the probl m oi' fuel wood shortage, the mokel css
coal a1 ternative, and A. I. D. s active ro't e in bringing the alternative
solution to fruition.
B. TRA51TIONAL ENERGY S FXES AliE A SIGNIFICA T FRACTION OF
ENERGY DEMAND I DEVELOPING COUNTRIES. IHESE TRaDITIONPk
SOURESr ESPECI LY FIRBJOOD AND CHARCOALI HAVE BECOME
INCREASINGLY SCARE BECAUSE OF THE CLEARING OF L
FGRIQXILTURE, CHARCB PRODUCTIONI AN5 EXCESSIVE
H MV ESTING n
The traditional energy sources, firewood, charcoal $ animal dungt and
agricultural residues account for nearly all of the rural household
energy demand, and a significant portion of the energy demand among the
urban poor, In Africa, it has been estimated that traditional faiels
account for about 65 percent of total per capita energy consumption; in
Asia they account for nearly 30 percent; and in Latin America
tradi tl anal energy cmpri ses appraxi matel y 25 percent of total per
caplta energy cons~~~pti~n (see Figure l.l~~I.41 In many of these
countri 8s the percentage of traditional energy cansumpti on is expe&ed
to increase concomitantly with expanding popul atlonsr particularly in
urban areas. As stated In the A. 1.B Pol icy Paper on Energyp Wssurlng
uate domestic energy suppl ies far cooking presents a signiffcant
chal i enge in the years aheado 99 E221
1