Development of Circularly Polarized Microstrip ... - CEReS - åèå¤§å¦

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Contents Abstract Abstract (Japanese) Acknowledgements Contents List of Figures List of Tables ii iii iv v viii xii 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.2 Motivation and objectives of research . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.3 Dissertation focus and organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 2 Circularly Polarized Synthetic Aperture Radar 8 2.1 The principles of radar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 2.2 Synthetic Aperture Radar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 2.3 Polarization of electromagnetic waves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 2.4 Circularly Polarized Synthetic Aperture Radar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 2.5 Design of CP-SAR onboard UAV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 2.5.1 Design of CP-SAR parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 2.5.2 Design of CP-SAR system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 2.5.2.1 UAV system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 2.5.2.2 CP-SAR sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 v
CONTENTS 3 Circularly Polarized Microstrip Antenna 29 3.1 Microstrip antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 3.1.1 Radiating patch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 3.1.2 Dielectric substrate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 3.1.3 The ground . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 3.1.4 Feeding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 3.2 Antenna basic parameter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 3.2.1 Scattering parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 3.2.2 Antenna efficiency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 3.2.3 Antenna Gain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 3.2.4 Polarization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 3.2.5 Bandwidth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 3.2.6 Radiation pattern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 3.2.7 Current density and distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 3.3 Circularly polarized microstrip antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 3.3.1 Dual feed circularly polarized microstrip antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 3.3.2 Single feed circularly polarized microstrip antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 3.3.3 Triple feed circularly polarized microstrip antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 3.4 Microstrip Array Antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 3.4.1 Linear array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 3.4.2 Planar array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 3.4.3 Dolph-Chebyshev array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 4 Methodology 55 4.1 Design methodology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 4.2 Design procedure and electromagnetic modeling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 4.2.1 Design and analysis using Method of Moment (MoM) . . . . . . . . . . . 55 4.2.2 Design and analysis using Finite Element Method (FEM) . . . . . . . . . 57 4.3 Fabrication of proposed antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 4.4 Antenna measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 4.4.1 Instrumentation system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 4.4.2 Anechoic chamber . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 4.4.3 Input characteristics measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 4.4.4 Radiation characteristics measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 5 Results and Discussion 64 5.1 Triple Proximity-fed circularly polarized microstrip antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 5.1.1 Design of proposed antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 vi
Page 1 and 2: Development of Circularly Polarized
Page 3 and 4: Abstract The discussion about devel
Page 5: Acknowledgements First and foremost
Page 9 and 10: List of Figures 1.1 Electric field
Page 11 and 12: LIST OF FIGURES 5.13 Photograph of
Page 13 and 14: List of Tables 2.1 Parameters of CP
Page 15 and 16: in linear polarization has some fla
Page 17 and 18: polarization (RHCP) and left-handed
Page 19 and 20: BIBLIOGRAPHY Bibliography [1] Birk
Page 21 and 22: Chapter 2 Circularly Polarized Synt
Page 23 and 24: generates all the necessary timing
Page 25 and 26: line platform flight trajectory is
Page 27 and 28: Figure 2.6: Range ambiguities: Port
Page 29 and 30: Substituting (2.12) and (2.13) into
Page 31 and 32: Figure 2.9: Basic principle of aper
Page 33 and 34: CP-SAR geometry, the slant range ,
Page 35 and 36: Figure 2.12: The required (a) θ EC
Page 37 and 38: 2.5.2 Design of CP-SAR system 2.5.2
Page 39 and 40: BIBLIOGRAPHY Figure 2.15: Design of
Page 41 and 42: BIBLIOGRAPHY [14] Steven Z., Unmann
Page 43 and 44: developments of novel microstrip an
Page 45 and 46: to feed or excite a microstrip patc
Page 47 and 48: defines as the ratio of the power g
Page 49 and 50: 3.2.6 Radiation pattern In the fiel
Page 51 and 52: Figure 3.6: Rectangular patch arran
Page 53 and 54: diagonals axis. The area of the per
Page 55 and 56: By substitute eq. (3.7-3.9) to (3.1
Page 57 and 58:
3.4.1 Linear array Among the differ
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provide additional variables which
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The beam area or solid angle or Ω
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2005). An array of even number of i
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BIBLIOGRAPHY m = 8 cos(mu) = 128z 8
Page 67 and 68:
BIBLIOGRAPHY [21] Rahmani M., Tavak
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Figure 4.1: Design methodology. 56
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Figure 4.2: Flow chart of the anten
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Figure 4.3: Diagram of required ant
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easy if you have the right equipmen
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Chapter 5 Results and Discussion 5.
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Figure 5.2: Geometry design of prop
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terminals during the radiation proc
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5.1.4 Radiation characteristic The
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Figure 5.11: Measured and simulated
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the physical length, L, and the eff
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Figure 5.13: Photograph of the fabr
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Figure 5.15: Simulated and measured
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In Figure 5.18, the antenna gain wi
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Figure 5.20: Array antenna characte
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Figure 3 shows the design and photo
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Figure 5.24: Simulated and measured
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5.4 Broadband circularly polarized
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Figure 5.29: Axial ratio (AR) plott
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Figure 5.33: A 3D beam pattern of t
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Figure 5.34: Dolph-Chebyshev array
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measurement, respectively. Such deg
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Figure 5.40: Relationship between a
Page 113 and 114:
Figure 5.42: Array antenna characte
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BIBLIOGRAPHY single-feed circular m
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antenna for CP-SAR sensor. In the c
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List of Publications Peer-reviewed
Page 121 and 122:
Curriculum Vitae YOHANDRI He was bo
Page 123 and 124:
To perform an electromagnetic simul
Page 125 and 126:
are integrated into MGRID. PATTERN
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properly. After a rectangle is draw
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Figure B.5: Frequency sweep in simu
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Figure B.8: Three-dimensional far-f
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Figure C.1: (a) Seven Mini PCB Prot
Page 135 and 136:
Figure C.3: Etching tank and chemic
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