ISNVD Abstract Book

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MRI PROTOCOL 1: THE FULL PROTOCOL WITH CONTRAST BODY OF VENDOR MRI ACRONYMS TIME OF MRI SEQUENCE EXAMINATION Siemens GE Philips AQUISITION SWI/MRA GRE GRE SWI - 1 x 0.5 x 2 mm 3 05:23 T2 T2 T2 T2 02:30 MPRAGE 3-D Fast 04:03 3D TFE MPRAGE SPGR HEAD FLAIR FLAIR FLAIR FLAIR-SAG 05:20 DTI DTI DTI 2 x 2 x 2 mm 3 - 30 Directions 06:50 ASL ASL ASL 3 x 3 x 3 mm 3 04:44 VIBE LAVA- XV THRIVE VIBE-SAG-PRE 01:45 PWI PWI PWI PWI - INJECT 5CC CONTRAST 01:58 Move the table center at the NECK T2 T2 T2 T2-SAG 02:22 TOF TOF TOF 2D TOF MRV* 06:57* NECK 3D FLASH TRICKS TRAK 3D MRAV DYNAMIC –CORONAL- INJECT REMAINING CONTRAST 02:52 FQ FQ FQ FLOW QUANTIFICATION AT CSF AND THREE NECK LEVELS 01:42 (x5) Move the table center at the ORBITAL RIDGE LAVA- VIBE THRIVE VIBE-POST 01:45 XV HEAD (POST 3-D GAD) FGRE, MPRAGE 3D TFE MPRAGE-POST 04:03 3-D Fast SPGR SWI/MRA GRE GRE SWI - 0.5 x 0.5 x 1.0 mm 3 10:00 Total Scan Time: less than 80 minutes TOTAL TIME 32:33 13:44 20:41* 15:48
The 2 nd Annual <strong>ISNVD</strong> Scientific Meeting February 18–22 th 2012 Orlando, Florida, USA Catheter venography for the assessment of internal jugular veins and azygous vein – consensus document Contrary to some well-recognized venous territories, relatively little is known about anatomy, physiological flow and hemodynamics in the internal jugular veins. Even less is known about the azygous vein. Consequently, catheter angiography and interpretation is currently performed according to the rules governing examination of other veins. Still, differences exist between techniques and interpretation amongst centers. Since our knowledge about anatomy and physiology of veins that may play a role in pathophysiology of neurological disorders (especially: multiple sclerosis) in the setting of the so-called chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) is at its infancy, there are many problems that should be addressed. 1. Vascular access. Most venographies are currently performed through femoral access. Access through an upper extremity vein is a theoretical option in the case of agenesis of inferior vena cava. A direct puncture of the internal jugular vein can also be used, but can be technically challenging if such a vein is hypoplastic or collapsed. Thus, femoral access is the preferred route. However, there are some issues, which need to be considered when using femoral access. Firstly, the pressure measurement in the internal jugular vein may not be reliable (jugular valve is potentially kept open by the diagnostic catheter – hypothetically reducing or eliminating any crossvalve pressure differential). Options may include using a smaller caliber device such as a pressuresensing wire, which is less disruptive to valves or for accurate pressure measurement direct jugular access could be considered. Secondly, there is discussion about which femoral vein (right or left), should be punctured. Insertion of the catheter through the left femoral vein allows a much easier assessment of left iliac vein (May- Thurner syndrome), the ascending lumbar veins and the left renal vein (Nutcracker syndrome). On the other hand, access through right femoral vein makes access and angioplasty of the left internal jugular and azygous veins much easier particularly in the case of tortuous iliac and left brachiocephalic veins. In addition, there is currently no evidence to support angioplasty of asymptomatic stenosis of the left iliac or left renal vein, thus a potential benefit from left femoral access is not clear. We therefore recommend right femoral vein access for routine assessment of the internal jugular and azygous veins and possible consideration of angioplasty. Left femoral vein access may be an option if the screening of additional veins, such as left iliac vein is planned. 2. Angiographic contrast. Angiographic contrast may be used diluted (1:1) or non-diluted. Diluted contrast allows better visualization of endoluminal structures (valve leaflets, webs, etc.). However, non-diluted contrast allows better opacification of epidural and other collaterals as well as better estimation of overall features of veins particularly stenosis. There is no clear consensus on whether contrast should be hand or pressure injected. Hand injections are performed using smaller volumes of contrast under lower pressure. Pressure injectors are higher
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The 2 nd Annual ISNVD Scientific Me
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PRINCIPLE CONSIDERATIONS ON VENOUS
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using several methods. These method
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Page 55 and 56: POSTER ABSTRACTS Monday, February 2
Page 57 and 58: POLITECNICO DI MILANO mlagana@dongn
Page 60 and 61: Background Iron deposition in clini
Page 62 and 63: Short-Term Outcomes After Endovascu
Page 64 and 65: Internal jugular vein valve morphol
Page 66 and 67: The Cerebral Perfusion of Patients
Page 68 and 69: Intravascular Ultrasound for detect
Page 70 and 71: Prevalence of Chronic Cerebrospinal
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Page 74 and 75: Iron deposition in pediatric multip
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Page 78 and 79: Introduction Cardiac Effects In The
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