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Another map shows a double trench around the fortification, while there is a bastionlike structure on its northern side. The Bottyán Castle on the settlement map of Kömlőd (1778-1788) A third map is very interesting due to the fact that it illustrates the burnt down wooden palisade, meaning that these were presumably the remains of the Roman Age stone fort. Although Lussonium has been mentioned by several antique sources 3 , it was a debate for a long time which Roman fort the ruins actually belonged to. Mór Wosinsky, abbot-parish priest of Szekszárd and the founder of the Mór Wosinsky County Museum, identified the ruins for the first time. 4 Despite the high number of excavated Roman Age finds from the area of Dunakömlőd, the exact location of the ruins could not be identified. However, in 1969 a burnt military diploma-fragment was uncovered at the Bottyán-rampart. Zsolt Visy conducted an excavation in the same year at the place where the fragment was found, revealing the ruins of a building from the Marcomannic Wars. Another diploma was also found at the building which was 3 Ptolemaios: Lussonion; Tabula Peutingeriana: Lusione; Itinerarium Antonini: Lussonium; Notitia Dignitatum: Alusione (presumably: a Lusione); Unknown Ravennese author: Alusione (presumably: a Lusione). 4 Wosinsky M.: Tolna vármegye története az őskortól a honfoglalásig I-II. Bp. 1896.
probably burnt down during the war. The occurrence of such a military diploma-pair was no coincidence and proved that Lussonium should be located on top of the Bottyán-rampart. The main goal of the next excavation in 1972 was to determine the size and major details of the castellum. The fortification’s 1m wide main wall that was built from small stones was found on the northern side, along with a 13m wide and 3.5m deep trench (compared to the original Roman Age surface) on its outer side. The parts of an adobe house with fresco decorations was also discovered. The western side yielded a renovated wall-piece from the Late Roman Age, on which charred beams lay. These are most likely the remains of General Bottyán’s wooden palisade, proving the the military leader has indeed built his fortification on the main walls of the Roman structure. The small line of the southern trench could be identified at the southern part of the fort. The archaeological research has thus confirmed the existence of the Roman military fort. Apart from a short intermission, excavations, which were started in 1987 by the University of Pécs and the were led by Zsolt Visy, have been regularly conducted, and are continued nowadays with the participation of the Town Museum of Paks. As a result, Lussonium has become one of the most researched sites of the ripa Pannonica. For the first years, excavations were conducted in the northern part of the fort in order to research the main walls, the defensive trench and adobe house that had been discovered in 1972. The excavations revealed 4 trenches outside the northern wall. In the outmost trench (No. 3.) there was another from a later age, probably a part of the Bottyán-fort. According to the finds, the trench was in use until the middle of the 2nd century. The other 3 trenches were functioning in the Late Roman Age and in this way the fort had 3 defensive trenches instead of 2. The multi-room building from the northern corner of the fort is also worth mentioning. Excavations have showed that it was in use during the 4th century and had a hypocaust in one room, a portico on the south, while the plastered and terrazzo floor pieces were also partially uncovered. The northern gate of the stone fort could not be found but, based on the fully excavated western gate-tower and an entrance ramp, its exact location was still identified.
Page 2 and 3: Central Europe Program- 1CE079P4 Da
Page 4 and 5: 5.3 Analysis of economic benefits .
Page 6 and 7: Events from left to right: Project
Page 8 and 9: excavations were regularly supporte
Page 12 and 13: Archaeological excavation at Lusson
Page 14 and 15: The fort was demolish at the end of
Page 16 and 17: The thoughts and ideas of the archa
Page 18 and 19: Following the Limes Conference arra
Page 20 and 21: Reconstructions during 2003
Page 22 and 23: Opening ceremony of the ruin garden
Page 24 and 25: - Setting up outdoor furniture at t
Page 26 and 27: Reconstruction of the northern gate
Page 28 and 29: The walls and gate-towers surroundi
Page 30 and 31: In 2011 the municipality initiated
Page 32 and 33: An agreement has been concluded on
Page 34 and 35: Ground layers at Unit No. 6., Excav
Page 36 and 37: The unrestored and restored statue
Page 38 and 39: In addition, two square-shaped furn
Page 40 and 41: iron- and 10 glass-made) along with
Page 42 and 43: only be determined with further exc
Page 44 and 45: Locations of 2009-2011 excavations
Page 46 and 47: The front cover of the feasibility
Page 48 and 49: Participants of the information day
Page 50 and 51: Plans on the presentation of the fo
Page 52 and 53: The ground plan of the reception bu
Page 54 and 55: Exhibited roll-ups at the conferenc
Page 56 and 57: The invitation card of the internat
Page 58 and 59: 3.10 The promotion of achieved goal
Page 60 and 61:
At the Roman ruin garden, which was
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A reconstruction of the Emperor-sta
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Handicraft activities and pottery d
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3.15 Evaluation of executed reconst
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4. Operation plan 4.1 Management re
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Lussonium = Paks, Dunakömlőd. The
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• After the completion of the rec
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(June-August). These events would f
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Based on the previously stated fact
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Heating costs: (based on the price
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Income from operating activities 1.
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financial cash-flow According to th
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Impact factors FNPV FRR Investment
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probability of their occurrence and
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6. Summary I. Lussonium before the
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Therefore, the Town Municipality of
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assistance in solving technical pro
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Promotion: Posters, leporellos, pos
Page 96 and 97:
- conditions of stay (rest room, co
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guarantees 5% self-financing. Since
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3. Residual value 4. Total financia
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flow of expenses 1+2+3+4 +5 7. Fina
Page 104 and 105:
The opportunity to provide informat
Page 106 and 107:
temporary exhibitions and presentat
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