Vertical profiles with WindSim and WAsP - comparing several cases
Vertical profiles with WindSim and WAsP - comparing several cases
Vertical profiles with WindSim and WAsP - comparing several cases
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<strong>Vertical</strong> <strong>profiles</strong> <strong>with</strong> <strong>WindSim</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>WAsP</strong><br />
<strong>Vertical</strong> <strong>profiles</strong> <strong>with</strong> <strong>WindSim</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>WAsP</strong><br />
Comparing <strong>several</strong> <strong>cases</strong><br />
Dr. Raimund Pauen<br />
AL-PRO
<strong>Vertical</strong> <strong>profiles</strong> <strong>with</strong> <strong>WindSim</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>WAsP</strong><br />
Contents:<br />
Who we are<br />
Three case studies<br />
Evaluation<br />
Resumée
<strong>Vertical</strong> <strong>profiles</strong> <strong>with</strong> <strong>WindSim</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>WAsP</strong><br />
Presentation AL-PRO<br />
Presentation AL-PRO<br />
More than 25 years of experience in wind business<br />
Consulting of more than 500 wind park projects<br />
Active since 2001
<strong>Vertical</strong> <strong>profiles</strong> <strong>with</strong> <strong>WindSim</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>WAsP</strong><br />
Presentation of AL-PRO<br />
Presentation of AL-PRO<br />
Our services:<br />
Wind field computation <strong>and</strong> flow simulation<br />
Wind potential studies<br />
Visualization<br />
Shadow- <strong>and</strong> noise calculation<br />
Performances, risk- <strong>and</strong> long-term analyses<br />
EuRA database, EWS windmapping
<strong>Vertical</strong> <strong>profiles</strong> <strong>with</strong> <strong>WindSim</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>WAsP</strong><br />
Presentation of AL-PRO<br />
Presentation of AL-PRO<br />
Zertifiziert nach<br />
DIN ISO 9001:2000<br />
Akkreditiert nach<br />
DIN EN ISO 17025<br />
Member of the wind expert advisory board of the federal association wind energy (BWE)
<strong>Vertical</strong> <strong>profiles</strong> <strong>with</strong> <strong>WindSim</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>WAsP</strong><br />
Cases studied<br />
Cases studied<br />
• Complex terrain: Greek isl<strong>and</strong><br />
• Slightly complex terrain: some interior<br />
region of France<br />
• Nearly flat terrain: Coastal region in<br />
northern Germany
<strong>Vertical</strong> <strong>profiles</strong> <strong>with</strong> <strong>WindSim</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>WAsP</strong><br />
Greek isl<strong>and</strong><br />
Greek isl<strong>and</strong><br />
• One measurement mast <strong>with</strong> three<br />
anemometers<br />
– 99m, 87m, 66m<br />
– Longterm correlated data (6 months to 30 y.)<br />
• 6 sectors which are undisturbed in all<br />
three heights<br />
– N, NNO, OSO, S, SSW, WNW
<strong>Vertical</strong> <strong>profiles</strong> <strong>with</strong> <strong>WindSim</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>WAsP</strong><br />
Greek isl<strong>and</strong><br />
Greek isl<strong>and</strong><br />
Simulation<br />
• Macro model:<br />
– 50km x 37km, 200m resolution<br />
– 7.000m height, 35 vertical cells<br />
– 1.7 mio cells in total<br />
• Nesting <strong>with</strong> micro model:<br />
– 16km x 15km, refinement 30m-130m<br />
– 7.200m height, 20 vertical cells (6 up to 100m)<br />
– 1.6 mio cells in total
<strong>Vertical</strong> <strong>profiles</strong> <strong>with</strong> <strong>WindSim</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>WAsP</strong><br />
Greek isl<strong>and</strong><br />
Greek isl<strong>and</strong>
height [m]<br />
height [m]<br />
height [m]<br />
height [m]<br />
<strong>Vertical</strong> <strong>profiles</strong> <strong>with</strong> <strong>WindSim</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>WAsP</strong><br />
Greek isl<strong>and</strong><br />
Greek isl<strong>and</strong><br />
Evaluation<br />
Sector N<br />
Sector OSO<br />
110<br />
110<br />
100<br />
100<br />
90<br />
80<br />
70<br />
60<br />
measurement<br />
<strong>WAsP</strong><br />
<strong>WindSim</strong><br />
90<br />
80<br />
70<br />
60<br />
measurement<br />
<strong>WAsP</strong><br />
<strong>WindSim</strong><br />
50<br />
50<br />
40<br />
5,0 5,5 6,0 6,5 7,0<br />
40<br />
5,5 6,0 6,5 7,0 7,5<br />
mean w ind speed [m/s]<br />
mean w ind speed [m/s]<br />
Sector NNO<br />
Sector S<br />
110<br />
110<br />
100<br />
100<br />
90<br />
80<br />
70<br />
60<br />
measurement<br />
<strong>WAsP</strong><br />
<strong>WindSim</strong><br />
90<br />
80<br />
70<br />
60<br />
measurement<br />
<strong>WAsP</strong><br />
<strong>WindSim</strong><br />
50<br />
50<br />
40<br />
3,0 3,5 4,0 4,5 5,0 5,5<br />
40<br />
5,0 5,5 6,0 6,5 7,0<br />
mean w ind speed [m/s]<br />
mean w ind speed [m/s]
height [m]<br />
height [m]<br />
<strong>Vertical</strong> <strong>profiles</strong> <strong>with</strong> <strong>WindSim</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>WAsP</strong><br />
Greek isl<strong>and</strong><br />
Greek isl<strong>and</strong><br />
Evaluation (continued)<br />
Sector SSW<br />
Sector WNW<br />
110<br />
110<br />
100<br />
100<br />
90<br />
80<br />
70<br />
60<br />
measurement<br />
<strong>WAsP</strong><br />
<strong>WindSim</strong><br />
90<br />
80<br />
70<br />
60<br />
measurement<br />
<strong>WAsP</strong><br />
<strong>WindSim</strong><br />
50<br />
50<br />
40<br />
4,5 5,0 5,5 6,0 6,5<br />
40<br />
3,0 3,5 4,0 4,5 5,0 5,5<br />
mean w ind speed [m/s]<br />
mean w ind speed [m/s]
<strong>Vertical</strong> <strong>profiles</strong> <strong>with</strong> <strong>WindSim</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>WAsP</strong><br />
Northern France<br />
Northern France<br />
Two subregions <strong>with</strong> one measurement mast each<br />
• Subregion 1: two anemometers<br />
– 50m, 25m<br />
– 12 months<br />
• Subregion 2: two anemometers<br />
– 65m, 32m<br />
– 28 months<br />
• 4 sectors (of 12) which are undisturbed in both<br />
measurements<br />
– NNO, ONO, SSW, WSW
<strong>Vertical</strong> <strong>profiles</strong> <strong>with</strong> <strong>WindSim</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>WAsP</strong><br />
Northern France<br />
Northern France<br />
Simulation<br />
• Macro model containing both subregions:<br />
– 67km x 85km, 300m resolution<br />
– 1.500m height, 20 vertical cells<br />
– 1.5 mio cells in total<br />
• Nesting <strong>with</strong> micro model for each subregion<br />
• Subregion 1:<br />
– 32km x 32km, refinement 25m-300m<br />
– 1.500m height, 22 vertical cells (8 up to 100m)<br />
– 1.6 mio cells in total<br />
• Subregion 2:<br />
– 40km x 32km, refinement 25m-400m<br />
– 1.500m height, 20 vertical cells (7 up to 100m)<br />
– 1.4 mio cells in total
<strong>Vertical</strong> <strong>profiles</strong> <strong>with</strong> <strong>WindSim</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>WAsP</strong><br />
Northern France<br />
Northern France
height [m]<br />
height [m]<br />
height [m]<br />
height [m]<br />
<strong>Vertical</strong> <strong>profiles</strong> <strong>with</strong> <strong>WindSim</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>WAsP</strong><br />
Northern France<br />
Northern France<br />
Evaluation of subregion 1<br />
Sector NNO<br />
Sector ONO<br />
60<br />
60<br />
50<br />
50<br />
40<br />
measurement<br />
40<br />
measurement<br />
30<br />
<strong>WAsP</strong><br />
30<br />
<strong>WAsP</strong><br />
20<br />
<strong>WindSim</strong><br />
20<br />
<strong>WindSim</strong><br />
10<br />
10<br />
0<br />
3,0 3,5 4,0 4,5 5,0 5,5<br />
0<br />
3,0 3,5 4,0 4,5 5,0<br />
mean w ind speed [m/s]<br />
mean w ind speed [m/s]<br />
Sector SSW<br />
Sector WSW<br />
60<br />
60<br />
50<br />
50<br />
40<br />
30<br />
measurement<br />
<strong>WAsP</strong><br />
40<br />
30<br />
measurement<br />
<strong>WAsP</strong><br />
20<br />
<strong>WindSim</strong><br />
20<br />
<strong>WindSim</strong><br />
10<br />
10<br />
0<br />
5,0 5,5 6,0 6,5 7,0 7,5 8,0 8,5 9,0<br />
0<br />
5,5 6,0 6,5 7,0 7,5 8,0 8,5 9,0<br />
mean w ind speed [m/s]<br />
mean w ind speed [m/s]
height [m]<br />
height [m]<br />
height [m]<br />
height [m]<br />
<strong>Vertical</strong> <strong>profiles</strong> <strong>with</strong> <strong>WindSim</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>WAsP</strong><br />
Northern France<br />
Northern France<br />
Evaluation of subregion 2<br />
Sector NNO<br />
Sector ONO<br />
70<br />
70<br />
60<br />
60<br />
50<br />
40<br />
30<br />
20<br />
measurement<br />
<strong>WAsP</strong><br />
<strong>WindSim</strong><br />
50<br />
40<br />
30<br />
20<br />
measurement<br />
<strong>WAsP</strong><br />
<strong>WindSim</strong><br />
10<br />
10<br />
0<br />
3,5 4,0 4,5 5,0 5,5 6,0 6,5<br />
mean w ind speed [m/s]<br />
0<br />
4,0 4,5 5,0 5,5 6,0 6,5 7,0<br />
mean w ind speed [m/s]<br />
Sector SSW<br />
Sector WSW<br />
70<br />
70<br />
60<br />
60<br />
50<br />
40<br />
30<br />
20<br />
measurement<br />
<strong>WAsP</strong><br />
<strong>WindSim</strong><br />
50<br />
40<br />
30<br />
20<br />
measurement<br />
<strong>WAsP</strong><br />
<strong>WindSim</strong><br />
10<br />
10<br />
0<br />
4,5 5,0 5,5 6,0 6,5 7,0 7,5 8,0<br />
0<br />
4,5 5,0 5,5 6,0 6,5 7,0 7,5<br />
mean w ind speed [m/s]<br />
mean w ind speed [m/s]
<strong>Vertical</strong> <strong>profiles</strong> <strong>with</strong> <strong>WindSim</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>WAsP</strong><br />
German coast<br />
German coast<br />
• One measurement mast <strong>with</strong> six<br />
anemometers<br />
– 124m, 95m, 84m, 60m, 45m, 30m<br />
– 9 months<br />
• 2 sectors <strong>with</strong> undisturbed flow<br />
– S, SSW
<strong>Vertical</strong> <strong>profiles</strong> <strong>with</strong> <strong>WindSim</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>WAsP</strong><br />
German coast<br />
German coast<br />
Simulation<br />
• Macro model:<br />
– 50km x 50km, 250m resolution<br />
– 1.500m height, 20 vertical cells<br />
– 850000 cells in total<br />
• Nesting <strong>with</strong> micro model:<br />
– 35km x 35km, refinement 25m-250m<br />
– 1.500m height, 20 vertical cells (6 up to 124m)<br />
– 1.1 mio cells in total
<strong>Vertical</strong> <strong>profiles</strong> <strong>with</strong> <strong>WindSim</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>WAsP</strong><br />
German coast<br />
German coast
height [m]<br />
height [m]<br />
<strong>Vertical</strong> <strong>profiles</strong> <strong>with</strong> <strong>WindSim</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>WAsP</strong><br />
German coast<br />
German coast<br />
Evaluation<br />
Sector S<br />
Sector SSW<br />
140<br />
140<br />
120<br />
120<br />
100<br />
100<br />
80<br />
60<br />
Measurement<br />
<strong>WAsP</strong><br />
<strong>WindSim</strong><br />
80<br />
60<br />
Measurement<br />
<strong>WAsP</strong><br />
<strong>WindSim</strong><br />
40<br />
40<br />
20<br />
20<br />
0<br />
4,00 5,00 6,00 7,00<br />
mean windspeed [m/s]<br />
0<br />
4,50 5,50 6,50 7,50 8,50<br />
mean windspeed [m/s]
<strong>Vertical</strong> <strong>profiles</strong> <strong>with</strong> <strong>WindSim</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>WAsP</strong><br />
Evaluation in numbers<br />
Evaluation in numbers<br />
<strong>WAsP</strong><br />
<strong>WindSim</strong><br />
Greek<br />
isl<strong>and</strong><br />
Northern<br />
France<br />
German<br />
Coast<br />
St<strong>and</strong>ard<br />
deviation<br />
Mean<br />
difference<br />
St<strong>and</strong>ard<br />
deviation<br />
Mean<br />
difference<br />
0,44 0,26 0,14 0,00<br />
0,15 0,05 0,31 0,20<br />
0,42 -0,23 0,23 0,29<br />
(0,11) (0,07) (0,28) (0,31)
<strong>Vertical</strong> <strong>profiles</strong> <strong>with</strong> <strong>WindSim</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>WAsP</strong><br />
Resumée<br />
Resumée<br />
• Three <strong>cases</strong> are not enough to make<br />
generalizations<br />
• But a tendency may be seen:<br />
There seem to be problems <strong>with</strong> a<br />
vertical transfer in <strong>WindSim</strong> – at least, if<br />
orography does not play the dominant<br />
role<br />
• How can this problem be resolved?
<strong>Vertical</strong> <strong>profiles</strong> <strong>with</strong> <strong>WindSim</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>WAsP</strong><br />
Thank you for your attention!
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