Volume 4 - Loctite.ph

Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)ThermoplasticTrade Names• Alpha• Fiberloc• Geon• Novablend• Polyvin• Quirvil• Superkleen• Tenneco• Unichem• VytheneManufacturerDexter PlasticsB. F. GoodrichB. F. GoodrichNovatec PlasticsA. SchulmanRukmianca SpAAlpha ChemicalRimtech CorporationColorite PlasticsAlpha ChemicalGeneral DescriptionPolyvinyl chloride, the most widely used of the vinyl resins, is formedvia the free radical polymerization of vinyl chloride monomer.Unmodified PVC is a hard, brittle, glass-like material which isunsuitable for most engineering applications. However, the additionof plasticizers, such as dioctyl phthalate (DOP), give PVC sufficientflexibility to be used for many applications. PVC is one of the mosteconomical and versatile plastics in use today. It has become a verypopular construction material, with major applications includingpiping and home siding. Specialty grades available include impactmodified, filled, pigmented, and flame retarded. In 2004, the pricesof PVC ranged approximately from $0.60 to $1.50 per poundat truckload quantities.General PropertiesPolyvinyl chloride offers good physical properties at a fraction of thecost of some of the more expensive engineering resins. A widevariety of fillers and additives are commonly used with PVC to tailorits characteristics to meet the needs of the end user. PVC is resistantto water, weathering and corrosion, has a high strength-to-weightratio, and is a good electrical and thermal insulator. Most grades ofPVC are non-flammable and receive a UL94 rating of V-0. With amaximum recommended continuous service temperature no higherthan 220°F (104°C), PVC is not recommended for high temperatureapplications. It has good resistance to alcohols, mild acids andbases, and salts, but is attacked by halogenated hydrocarbons,phenols, ketones, esters, and ethers. PVC is easily processed by awide variety of thermoplastic methods, however, stabilizers must beadded to scavenge the HCl released during high temperatureprocessing which could degrade the resin.Typical Properties of Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)American EngineeringProcessing Temperature 315°F to 410°F 157°C to 210°CLinear Mold Shrinkage 0.001 to 0.005 in./in. 0.001 to 0.005 cm/cmMelting Point 270°F to 405°F 132°C to 207°CDensity 72.4 to 91.8 lb./ft. 3 1.16 to 1.47 g/cm 3Tensile Strength, Yield 1.3 to 7.4 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 0.9 to 5.2 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Tensile Strength, Break 1.1 to 7.4 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 0.8 to 5.2 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Elongation, Break 5.0 to 500.0% 5.0 to 500.0%Tensile Modulus 2.7 to 4.5 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 1.9 to 3.2 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Flexural Strength, Yield 10.7 to 12.0 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 7.5 to 8.4 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Flexural Modulus 3.0 to 5.4 lb./in. 2 x 10 5 2.1 to 3.8 kg/cm 2 x 10 4Compressive Strength 6.5 to 10.1 lb./in. 2 x 10 3 4.6 to 7.1 kg/cm 2 x 10 2Izod Notched, R.T. 0.3 to 17.6 ft.-lb./in. 1.6 to 95.0 kg cm/cmHardness A50 - A95 Rockwell A50 - A95 RockwellThermal Conductivity 1.0 to 1.3 BTU-in./hr.-ft. 2 -°F 0.14 to 0.19 W/m-°KLinear ThermalExpansionDeflection Temperature@ 264 psiDeflection Temperature@ 66 psiContinuousService Temperature3.6 to 7.3 in./in.-°F x 10 -5 6.5 to 13.1 cm/cm-°C x10 -5SI100°F to 311°F 38°C to 155°C113°F to 311°F 45°C to 155°C130°F to 220°F 54°C to 104°CDielectric Strength 350 to 725 V/10 -3 in. 1.4 to 2.8 V/mm x 10 4Dielectric Constant@ 1 MHzDissipation Factor@ 1 MHzWater Absorption,24 hr.3.9 to 5.2 3.9 to 5.20.019 to 0.090 0.019 to 0.0900.08 to 0.60% 0.08 to 0.60%Typical Applications• Construction – Water supply, agricultural irrigationand chemical processing piping, siding, window sashes,gutters, interior moldings, flooring• Packaging – Films for food wrap, bottles, food containers• Consumer goods – Furniture parts, wall coverings,upholstery, sporting goods, toys• Medical – Tubing, blood and solution bags,dialysis devices, connectors68The Loctite ® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 4