the life cycle performance of sustainable renovation concepts

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StandardrenovationPassivesolar designPassivehouse Earth houseWarmBouwenProgress on system change process (Dieleman) + +/- +/- +/- +/-Current adoption rate of innovation +/- - - - --Relative advantage +/- + ++ ++ ++Compatability + + +/- + +/-Complexity + + - + +/-Trialability - - - - -Observability +/- + + + +Suitability for renovation ++ -- -- -- +FIGURE 12 - PERFORMANCE EVALUATION COMPETITIVE CONCE PTS OF WARMBOUWENCONCLUSIONCurrently, the standard renovation measures that are widely applied in the Netherlandsare the most important competitor for WarmBouwen. This research points out that thelife cycle performance of the WarmBouwen concept is better than the life cycleperformance of a „standard renovation‟ concept. WarmBouwen scores better than thestandard renovation concept on the adoption factors relative advantage andobservability. The standard renovation concept scores better on the adoption factorscompatibility and complexity. The score on trialability is considered to be equal. However,the standard renovation concept has already made more progress in the adoptionprocess, which provides an advantage compared to WarmBouwen.The evaluation of competitive innovative concepts points out that current innovativeconcepts are mainly useful for new development and are less useful as a renovationconcept. The score on the adoption factors and the current position in the adoptionprocess of WarmBouwen is equal to the other evaluated innovative renovation concepts.3.1.4 TECHNICAL FEASIBILITYThis paragraph elaborates the technical feasibility of the WarmBouwen concept. The firstsection provides information about the constructive feasibility. The second section goesinto detail on the soil conditions that are required for the successful application of anaquifer. The third section addresses the scaling that is required, to make WarmBouwenapplicable.CONSTRUCTIVE FEASIBILITYParagraph 5.1 goes into detail on the elements that are used in the WarmBouwenconcept. The table below addresses and evaluates used techniques with regards to theconstructive feasibility of WarmBouwen.TechniqueAquiferHeat pumpAquiferouspackageEvaluationCurrently, aquifers are applied on large scale in new development projects in theNetherlands. The aquifer technique is technical feasible and in most places in theNetherlands applicable. A renovation project does not hinder the applicability ofthe aquifer. The next section elaborates the geographical applicability of anaquifer in more detail.A heat pump is applied on large scale in the Netherlands. The technical concept isdeveloped to a mature technique. A heat pump is applicable in renovationconcepts. However, a dwelling has to provide enough space to store the heatpump.The technique that is used for heating and cooling the dwelling is largely appliedas floor-, wall- or ceiling- climate regulation in renovation- or new developmentprojects. Currently, this technique is applied in combination with an aquifer and aheat pump but not with the purpose to harvest energy in the facades. However,this does not influence the applicability of the technique. Based on the fact thatthis technique is already applied on large scale in the Netherlands, this techniqueis considered to be applicable as a renovation technique.26
During the execution of this research, the WarmBouwen concept is successfully appliedas a renovation concept at the renovation of “De Tempel” in The Hague. This subscribesthe statement that the concept is constructively feasible. In an interview, the maincontractor of the project “De Tempel” states that his company took responsibility for theWarmBouwen concept for the whole life cycle of the project, because they are confidentabout the constructive performance and feasibility of the concept.SUITABILITY OF THE SOILTo apply an aquifer effectively, the soil below a project site must be suitable for anaquifer. The soil has to contain one or more layers that are impenetrable for water. „IFTechnology‟ and „TNO‟ have made an analysis in 2001, that describes the suitability ofthe soil in the Netherlands with reference to an aquifer. Appendix K presents the resultsof this analysis. The map shows that the soil in the Netherlands is nearly everywheresuitable for an aquifer. This leads to the conclusion that an aquifer is almost alwaysapplicable in the Netherlands and therefore does not hinder the feasibility andapplicability of the WarmBouwen concept.An alternative for the aquifer are soil loops. These loops differ from an aquifer becauseaccumulation of heat and cold is not possible. With soil loops, only exchange oftemperature with the soil is possible. The applicability of soil loops depends on theamount and current velocity of the groundwater. Although soil loops are an alternativefor an aquifer, they are outside the scope of this research.SCALEFor a cost effective exploitation of an aquifer, the scale of a project must be sufficient. Inthis research, the case “Krayenhoff” is analyzed. The scale of this project was 121dwellings. For application in the housing sector, a scale of approximately 100 dwellings isneeded for an aquifer. However, the minimal scale for a mono source aquifer is 30apartments. (www.nveo.nl)CONCLUSIONSThe concept WarmBouwen is technically feasible. The concept makes use of acombination of proven concepts. The analysis of the suitability of the soil in theNetherlands points out that an aquifer is applicable almost everywhere in theNetherlands. For the cost effective exploitation of an aquifer, a minimal scale is required.An aquifer requires a minimal scale of about 100 dwellings. If a mono sourced aquifer isapplied, a minimal scale of 30 apartments is sufficient for a cost effective exploitation.3.1.5 PROCESS & ORGANIZATIONA technical feasible concept is not the only requirement for the successful implementationof WarmBouwen in the renovation market in the Netherlands. Also, an effective processis needed to facilitate the successful realization of a project. This paragraph indentifiesthe stakeholders of a renovation project and the role of these stakeholders in the firstsubparagraph. The second subparagraph compares the process and project organizationof WarmBouwen with a conventional renovation project.STAKEHOLDERSIn this section the possible stakeholders of sustainable renovation projects are identifiedand the role of these stakeholders in a renovation project is described. Also, informationis provided about the required focus at involved stakeholders to implement sustainability.In the report “Procesmapping in bouwprocessen”, Morssinkhof (2007) identifies thefollowing possible stakeholders in new development construction projects.27
Page 1: THE LIFE CYCLE PERFORMANCEOF SUSTAI
Page 5 and 6: PREFACEThis report is the result of
Page 7 and 8: INDEXPREFACE ......................
Page 9 and 10: figure 2 & 3. This results in incre
Page 11 and 12: RENOVATIONThe third option is large
Page 13 and 14: 2. RESEARCH DESCRIPTIONThis chapter
Page 15 and 16: 2.5 RESEARCH METHODOLOGYThis paragr
Page 17 and 18: profession of the expert. The notes
Page 19 and 20: 2.5.5 PHASE 4 - MODEL APPLICATIONIn
Page 21 and 22: HUMAN BEHAVIORIn his report, Hoppe
Page 23 and 24: of negative network externalities,
Page 25: - Rental price of the house- Compos
Page 29 and 30: installation technical advisor pull
Page 31 and 32: CONCLUSIONThe process at case „De
Page 33 and 34: - Durability- ComfortThe EPA states
Page 35 and 36: To come to a definition of the conc
Page 37 and 38: Currently, there are 330 BREEAM exp
Page 39 and 40: - LCA is a relative approach, struc
Page 41 and 42: considers whole life cycleenvironme
Page 43 and 44: - The influence and relevance of th
Page 45 and 46: 4. MODELThis chapter goes into deta
Page 47 and 48: 4.2 MODEL & EXPLANATIONThis chapter
Page 49 and 50: Lastly, the existing models lack a
Page 51 and 52: the financial aspect can lead to va
Page 53 and 54: The normalized score of the „stan
Page 55 and 56: calculation, an assumption or expec
Page 57 and 58: - TransmissionThe transmission of a
Page 59 and 60: C=2: Functional lifespan of the ele
Page 61 and 62: The aquiferous package is essential
Page 63 and 64: possibilities that a building offer
Page 65 and 66: LIFESPAN OF BUILDINGNormally, the l
Page 67 and 68: WARMBOUWEN RENOVATIONFigure 46 show
Page 69 and 70: EnergyEPC EPC (average) Rental poin
Page 71 and 72: Lifespan of elements/functional cha
Page 73 and 74: 5.4 MODEL OUTPUT - PERFORMANCE OF W
Page 75 and 76: ANALYSIS 12: PERFORMANCE ON QUALITY
Page 77 and 78:
5.5 IMPROVEMENTS FOR WARMBOUWENIMPR
Page 79 and 80:
6. DISCUSSIONThis chapter provides
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SUBSIDY ON SUSTAINABLE CONCEPTSThe
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7. CONCLUSIONSIn this chapter the d
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There is a positive correlation bet
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6. WHAT IS THE SUSTAINABLE PERFORMA
Page 89 and 90:
BIBLIOGRAPHYLITERATURE[1] Adalberth
Page 91 and 92:
[34] Poel, A., Hutjes, G.T. en C.A.
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APPENDICES93
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