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All You Need To Know About Batteries continued2. CONSTANT POTENTIAL CHARGERS.These maintain a fixed, constant, preset voltage throughout thecharging period. The current cannot be set and will fall as thebattery state-of-charge increases.Charging Procedure with Constant Potential andModified Constant Potential Chargers.A These chargers are normally designed to charge onebattery at a time.B Stop charging when the battery is gassing freely and thebattery-voltage shows no increase over a period of at least2 hours.C Note. The majority of constant potential chargers areincapable of charging a severely overdischarged (below11.00V) battery in a realistic period of time. A minimum of24 hours is normal.It might be impossible to charge an overdischarged battery.3. MODIFIED CONSTANT POTENTIAL CHARGERS.The majority of commercial chargers , particularlyhome-chargers, are of this type, and allow neither the voltagenor the current to be preset.Charging Procedure with Modified ConstantPotential Chargers.A Use the same procedure as for Constant PotentialChargers in the paragraph above.4. ‘SMART’ CHARGERS.The latest generation of chargers is able to check the batterycondition, and to supply automatically a controlled charge thatwill charge the battery in the fastest time without damaging itand without overcharging it at the end of the charge. Some‘smart’ chargers have a special setting for all-calcium batteriesand will charge these from flat, which most other chargers areunable to do.Charging Procedure with ‘Smart’ ChargersA Follow the manufacturer’s instructions.B These chargers should be able to charge overdischarged(below 11.00V) batteries. Note that some have a specialsetting for all-calcium batteries.5. BOOST CHARGERS.These provide a very high initial current, and are used mainly toput some charge into a flat battery when it is needed urgentlyby the customer. The current falls as the batterystate-of-charge increases, and the battery temperature ismonitored to make sure it does not overheat.Charging Procedure with Boost ChargersA Boost charging is not recommended except in exceptionalcircumstances eg a stranded customer, as this will reducebattery life, especially if a battery is boost-charged morethan once.B Never boost-charge any battery that is below 11.00 Voltsas it will be too sulphated to accept a charge; scrap thebattery or charge normally.C Only use a boost-charger that limits the charging voltage toa maximum of 14.2 Volts and that has a temperaturemonitor.D Follow carefully the charger-manufacturer’s instructions.H - Checking Battery-Performance1. Electronic Testers Using ConductanceTechnology.1. The latest generation of testers is digital. Examples areMidtronics and Bosch testers. These will give an immediatedecision on about 80 per cent of batteries in service,including flat ones. In the remaining 20 per cent of cases,the batteries need recharging before testing.2. These testers show whether the battery is in a good,charged condition, whether it is discharged or whether itneeds replacing.3. Note. This is the preferred method of checking batteries asit does not take any charge out of the battery. It is alsoeasier, quicker and safer.2. Digital Conductance Testers Explained.As reported by most battery manufacturers, some confusionhas been created within the battery industry regarding theapparent performance of batteries after tests conducted withdigital conductance testers (e.g. Midtronics, Bosch BAT121being the most common types currently on the market).It is important that the purpose of these tester is clearlyunderstood.Digital conductance battery testers are not designed to checkthe cold cranking performance of a new battery. They arepurely designed for testing and evaluation of suspect or usedbatteries. Any CCA or state of health reading from the testCANNOT be a reliable guide as to the specification of thebattery.The BCI and European EN standard as a testing benchmark formanufacturing process.Yuasa Batteries (part of the Yuasa Yuasa Corporation) is one ofthe largest manufacturers worldwide of Lead acid Automotivebatteries and its batteries are designed to confirm to theinternationally recognised standards.For example, the initial performance testing procedureaccording to the EN50342:2006 requires a minimum of 12working days of testing and significant resources in equipmentto validate batteries. All Yuasa branded batteries sold into themarket and regularly audit tested to ensure conformance to therelevant standard.The EN 50342 standard has created further confusion in themarket by listed two conformance level standard for high ratecold cranking performance which are not clear to the end userwithout full access to the ETN part number listing.InformationYUASA - The world's leading battery manufacturer525