Levy_S-Hackers-Heroes-Computer-Revolution

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Adam OsborneBangkok-born publisher-turned-computer-manufacturer who consideredhimself a philosopher. Founded Osborne Computer Company to make"adequate" machines.PDP-1Digital Equipment's first minicomputer, and in 1961 an interactive godsendto the MIT hackers and a slap in the face to IBM fascism.PDP-6Designed in part by Kotok, this mainframe computer was cornerstone of AIlab, with its gorgeous instruction set and sixteen sexy registers.Tom PittmanThe religious Homebrew hacker who lost his wife but kept the faith withhis Tiny BASIC.Ed RobertsEnigmatic founder of MITS company who shook the world with his Altaircomputer. He wanted to help people build mental pyramids.Steve (Slug) RussellMcCarthy's "coolie," who hacked the Spacewar program, first videogame,on the PDP-1. Never made a dime from it.Peter SamsonMIT hacker, one of the first, who loved systems, trains, TX-0, music,parliamentary procedure, pranks, and hacking.Bob Saunders Jollybalding TMRC hacker who married early, hacked till late at night eating"lemon gunkies," and mastered the "CBS strategy" on Spacewar.Warren SchwaderBig blond hacker from rural Wisconsin who went from the assembly line tosoftware stardom but couldn't reconcile the shift with his devotion toJehovah's Witnesses.David SilverLeft school at fourteen to be mascot of AI lab; maker of illicit keys andbuilder of a tiny robot that did the impossible.
Dan SokolLong-haired prankster who reveled in revealing technological secrets atHomebrew Club. Helped "liberate" Altair BASIC program on paper tape.Sol ComputerLee Felsenstein's terminal-and-computer, built in two frantic months,almost the computer that turned things around. Almost wasn't enough.Les SolomonEditor of Popular Eletronics, the puller of strings who set the computerrevolution into motion.Marty SpergelThe Junk Man, the Homebrew member who supplied circuits and cablesand could make you a deal for anything.Richard StallmanThe Last of the Hackers, who vowed to defend the principles of hackerismto the bitter end. Remained at MIT until there was no one to eat Chinesefood with.Jeff StephensonThirty-year-old martial arts veteran and hacker who was astounded thatjoining Sierra On-Line meant enrolling in Summer Camp.Jay SullivanMaddeningly calm wizard-level programmer at Informatics who impressedKen Williams by knowing the meaning of the word "any."Dick SunderlandChalk-complexioned MBA who believed that firm managerial bureaucracywas a worthy goal, but as president of Sierra On-Line found that hackersdidn't think that way. Gerry Sussman Young MIT hacker branded "loser"because he smoked a pipe and "munged" his programs; later became"winner" by algorithmic magic.Margot TommervikWith her husband Al, long-haired Margot parlayed her game showwinnings into a magazine that deified the Apple Computer.Tom Swift TerminalLee Felsenstein's legendary, never-to-be-built computer terminal which
Page 1 and 2: HACKERSHeroes of the Computer Revol
Page 3 and 4: Contents●●●●●●●●●
Page 5 and 6: hero.Hackers like Richard Greenblat
Page 7 and 8: Steve DompierHomebrew member who fi
Page 9: "Uncle" John McCarthyAbsent-minded
Page 13 and 14: Part OneTrue HackersCambridge:The F
Page 15 and 16: these machines to punch holes in th
Page 17 and 18: The clubroom was dominated by the h
Page 20 and 21: That spring of 1959, a new course w
Page 22 and 23: of course, was what those Signals a
Page 24 and 25: officious priests. The technician i
Page 26 and 27: Deutsch's comments would turn out t
Page 28 and 29: At that time, only a few people in
Page 30 and 31: Carroll's poem with the line "The t
Page 32 and 33: 2The Hacker EthicSOMETHING new was
Page 34 and 35: that easy flow of information.Mistr
Page 36 and 37: instruction which contained the num
Page 38 and 39: focus, made their lives adventurous
Page 40 and 41: occupying valuable space within the
Page 42 and 43: 3SpacewarIN the summer of 1961, Ala
Page 44 and 45: was a brand-new firm called Digital
Page 46 and 47: Dennis had written the original of
Page 48 and 49: The TMRC hackers were not the only
Page 50 and 51: exerted on others were totally outl
Page 52 and 53: All of this was actually a signific
Page 54 and 55: that often formed in the aftermath
Page 56 and 57: heavy star would be in the center,
Page 58 and 59: F. J. Corbate, who would seek some
Page 60 and 61:
changed irrevocably the day in 1954
Page 62 and 63:
doing. Then you can see your offspr
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709, or working routines with a new
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hacking them, he would. He would si
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They went back loaded with Chinese
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Though some hackers led somewhat ac
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Despite these odd personal traits,
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impossible was a useful LISP on a P
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opponent could get out of this was
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Dance, phone lines, dance!And the s
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oxes" hardware devices to make ille
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showed up on the ninth floor to wor
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Gosper's forte, and he did some ear
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the companionship of fellow hackers
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master key was a magic sword to wav
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sanctified objects, things you nurt
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6Winners and LosersBY 1966, when Da
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instead of sailing past the end of
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like a pair of antlers. It looked,
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made the same stupid mistake. Only
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"Well, it has them, it's just that
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their PDP-6, and you had one loser
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on a data disk accessible by the co
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system, Greenblatt and the rest exe
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create useful concepts and tools to
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7LIFETHEY would later call it a Gol
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seriously. These were the days of t
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Sometimes the hacker failure to be
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later: "It was sort of necessary fo
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explored in the Adventure world wer
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and weird patterns established in t
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etter program. Greenblatt howled in
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The world.As much as the hackers tr
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mainframe machine in the basement o
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He loved the idea of electronics. H
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But the war was just beginning. For
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month he rented a room. It was belo
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expose people, especially kids, to
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Harbor, about thirty miles south of
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liberal arts colleges. Nelson was a
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I like to think(it has to be!)of a
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9Every Man a GodJ.N June 1974, Lee
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microprocessor.Lee Felsenstein, in
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if he wanted to get involved in bui
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elieve it an acronym for "Man In Th
Page 150 and 151:
kinds of gratification that a human
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would come out of these systems was
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company to help out in the crunch,
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dreaming of things to put in it to
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things done.Bob Albrecht did not li
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Fred Moore had set up a table in th
Page 162 and 163:
charted the musical scale and writt
Page 164 and 165:
Bob Marsh understood that this was
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Homebrew reviewers would examine ca
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could run some real programs on the
Page 170 and 171:
Moore explicitly identified the pur
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SLAC, he talked of video displays,
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of the concept at work. One person'
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themselves to the hacker pursuit of
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after the meeting, Solomon was tell
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eaders), you would have a way to wr
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held at Albuquerque a year after th
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you steal your software. Hardware m
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fun," he later explained. Knowing s
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But by then the possibility of maki
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The computer is more interesting th
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The convivial approach I suggest wo
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amok. Marsh would often interrupt L
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profile, its typewriter-style built
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to get on various time-sharing comp
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oards); a 30-chip TV display. Skill
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He turned to computer programming,
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that use one less chip than the las
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Years later, the people attending t
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favorable to the prices HP was payi
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computers. Now that hackers like Wo
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"Silicon Gulch," as he called it. O
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So the Apple people were prepared t
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proper stream and go with it until
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13SecretsTED Nelson's speech was no
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The former "Captain Crunch" was in
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consuming passion was the resurrect
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energies were divided between that,
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Osbome while he and the others were
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Part ThreeGame HackersThe Sierras:T
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faded blue T-shirt. He had driven u
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A more important relationship to Ke
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Ken had gotten a taste of this more
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nonetheless ... and then extemporan
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For most of her life Roberta Willia
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was hard to control the writing mec
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Ken and Roberta bought the first co
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porno books.An excursion to the loc
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player's little tank. Jewell sugges
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Margot and Al, in her words, "becam
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of its founders. You almost had to
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16The Third GenerationTHERE were st
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where you try to get a guy to the t
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screen; "user definable characters"
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dozens of new software companies th
Page 260 and 261:
Ken had. already been marketing a P
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home and reprogrammed the graphics.
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If Ken Williams released a game tha
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law was in a case in which some pri
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virtual copy of Pac-Man!But the jud
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employees. People played a continuo
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peppermint schnapps which was On-Li
Page 274 and 275:
a sort of rehabilitation project on
Page 276 and 277:
At that time Warren was working at
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opportunity and he should take it.
Page 280 and 281:
Ken Williams took the concerns of h
Page 282 and 283:
was really easy to talk to. We talk
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Line community.Ken was hugely proud
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easily as John Harris had lent his
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The instant that John Harris ended
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and patterned after Billboard's rec
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This was quite a step from the earl
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tweaking a marketing plan here, deb
Page 296 and 297:
A week before Dick arrived, Ken was
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whole company to come to the site o
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Line hackers gathered at places lik
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Guinness Book of World Records cham
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magazine show. NBC shot the requisi
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subsidized by some institution. The
Page 308 and 309:
While still in high school, he land
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Ken basically wanted a fairly relia
Page 312 and 313:
Apple bestseller. But when Lord Bri
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estseller. After flying the young a
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important Applefests. For one thing
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This message managed to find its wa
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They noticed right away because Fro
Page 322 and 323:
that the action was switching to tr
Page 324 and 325:
20Wizard vs. WizardsIN December of
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things look good on television. Tat
Page 328 and 329:
now I just spend my time skiing the
Page 330 and 331:
The author of the twelfth bestselli
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even the furniture, upside down wer
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things to Ken about On-Line that he
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The company's energy became focused
Page 338 and 339:
The techniques, algorithms, and cro
Page 340 and 341:
e more precarious than it had first
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hacker paradise, the Tech Square mo
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around the country all because the
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could easily handle the considerabl
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minimum.Noftsker considered this un
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in with the bad guys here. But I'm
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with concern when he spoke of Stall
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Generation hacker. With many more g
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Afterword: Ten Years After"I think
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to avoid attending future Hacker Co
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(though not gender specific) called
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Joseph We-izenbaum, Randy Wigginton
Page 364 and 365:
* Gosper's memo is part of "Hakmem,
Page 366 and 367:
Delta, 1979).* "The winning isn't a
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