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10 G. ViselgaFIGURE 5. The relationship of the operating width of the plough body on its distance to the beam andthe turn radius, when the implements are perpendicular to the beam20ñm1510201510201510500262,2 cm 2 284,4 cm 215304560(3-6)m; (0,16-(9-12)m; (0,47-(15-18)m; (0,79-FIGURE 6. The row profiles and their cross-section areas in dependence of turn radiusfurrow asymmetry is 1%. The furrowasymmetry is insignificant, when thehiller is at (6–12) m distance from therotation centre.Experimental tests showed that theoperation speed has the greatest influenceto the work quality of the hilling bodies,if compared with all the other testedimplements. The operation speed shouldbe not smaller than 0.55 m per secondbecause only at this speed the symmetricalrow profiles may be formed (Fig. 6).From the shuttle modules the simplestare the positional beam with two chassis500299,6 cm 2 266,1 cm 2 01530456050260,8 cm 2 258,9 cm 215304560ñmand longitudinally mounted mowingimplements. The field area is unlimited,the motor power is 3–4 kW.The wheels of positional shuttlemodules precisely copy unevenness offield and the beam has more deviationsof straight movement (Fig. 7). Walkingchassis with length support decreasesthis deviations and quantity of positionalcorrections. The gantry modules andespecially positional shuttle modulesin comparison of the tractors decreasemotor power and deviations from straightmovement and width of rows.
Inveatigations on soil conservation and precision... 11FIGURE 7. The influence of shuttle module chassis type to quantity of positional correctionCONCLUSIONS• Tractors with a front suspensionrod and a front power shaft, evenlyploughing ploughs with mountedloosening implements, mouldboardless aggregates, mulching implements,gantry systems, complex andcombined implements are the meansof field crop production modernisationwhich should be used as widely aspossible.• By one pass of a combined soiltillage aggregate and experimentalpotato growing technology involvingnarrow-wheeled tractors it is feasibleto reduce soil hardness in the zone oftracks 1.5 times and to increase thedepth of friable soil to 22 cm.• Rotary cultivators loosen the soil moreintensively than mouldboard ploughsor passive shares of cultivators. Thesoil loosened by these implementsas well as mulched soil is packedless before potato planting, the clodcontent is lower in them, the weedincidence is 2.5 times lower and thetubers are 18–28 cleaner.• Soil friability, reduction of harmfuleffect of soil compaction by wheelsand mulching of green manure cropsincreased potato yield 40.3% andreduced dirt content.• Very important is the indicator ofincorporation fullness of green manurecrops, as mineralisation of greenmanure in the soil surface is low.• The angle of the deviation of theplough body and other implementsfrom the design position if directlyproportional to the body distance fromthe bar the gantry circular module andwidth is smaller than the design onenot more than 10%. The ploughingdepth at the centre is smaller by 32mm than in the peripheral part.• To avoid the furrow asymmetry at thecentre, the hillers should be as closeas possible to the circular module barand their operation speed should beincreased, at least, up to 0.55 m/s.
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Page 7 and 8: Inveatigations on soil conservation
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Page 15 and 16: Precision and energy parameters of
Page 21: Precision and energy parameters of
Page 24 and 25: 24 A. Lisowski et al.62.8, 59.4 and
Page 26 and 27: 26 A. Lisowski et al.TABLE 2. Param
Page 28 and 29: 28 A. Lisowski et al.in three and t
Page 30 and 31: 30 A. Lisowski et al.według normy
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