Evidence-based mental health promotion resource - health.vic.gov.au

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Evidence-based mental health promotion resource121Appendix B: 10 health promotion action areasThe Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion (World Health Organisation 1986) and theJakarta Declaration for Health Promotion (World Health Organisation 1997) haveprovided 10 areas in which action should be taken to promote health.The Ottawa charter set out the first five action areas:1. Build healthy public policyHealth promotion goes beyond health care. It puts health on the agenda of policymakers in all sectors and at all levels, directing them to be aware of the healthconsequences of their decisions and to accept their responsibilities for health.Health promotion policy combines diverse but complementary approaches, includinglegislation, fiscal measures, taxation and organisational change. It is coordinated actionthat leads to health, income and social policies that foster greater equity. Joint actioncontributes to ensuring safer and healthier goods and services, healthier public servicesand cleaner, more enjoyable environments.Health promotion policy requires the identification of obstacles to the adoption of healthypublic policies in non-health sectors, and ways of removing those obstacles. The aimmust be to make the healthier choice the easier choice for policy makers as well.2. Create supportive environmentsOur societies are complex and interrelated, so health cannot be separated from othergoals. The inextricable links between people and their environment constitute thebasis for a socioecological approach to health. The overall guiding principle for theworld, nations, regions and communities alike is the need to encourage reciprocalmaintenance – that is, to take care of each other, our communities and our naturalenvironment. The conservation of natural resources throughout the world should beemphasised as a global responsibility.Changing patterns of life, work and leisure have a significant impact on health. Workand leisure should be a source of health for people. And the way in which societyorganises work should help create a healthy society. Health promotion generates livingand working conditions that are safe, stimulating, satisfying and enjoyable.Systematic assessment of the health impact of a rapidly changing environment– particularly in areas of technology, work, energy production and urbanisation – isessential and must be followed by action to ensure a positive benefit to public health.Any health promotion strategy must address the protection of the natural and builtenvironments and the conservation of natural resources.
122 Evidence-based mental health promotion resource3. Strengthen community actionHealth promotion works through concrete and effective community action in settingpriorities, making decisions, planning strategies and implementing them to achievebetter health. At the heart of this process is the empowerment of communities, wherebythey own and control their own endeavours and destinies.Community development draws on existing human and material resources in thecommunity to enhance self-help and social support, and to develop flexible systems forstrengthening public participation and direction of health matters. This process requiresfull and continual access to information, learning opportunities for health, and fundingsupport.4. Develop personal skillsHealth promotion supports personal and social development by providing information,educating about health and enhancing life skills. By doing so, it increases the optionsavailable to people to exercise more control over their own health and environments,and to make choices conducive to health.Enabling people to learn throughout life, to prepare themselves for all of its stagesand to cope with chronic illness and injuries is essential. This enablement has to befacilitated in school, home, work and community settings. Action is required througheducational, professional, commercial and voluntary bodies, and within the institutionsthemselves.5. Re-orient health services towards primary health careIndividuals, community groups, health professionals, health service institutions andgovernments share the responsibility for health promotion in health services. They mustwork together towards a health care system that contributes to the pursuit of health.The role of the health sector must move increasingly in a health promotion direction,beyond its responsibility for providing clinical and curative services. Health servicesalso need to embrace an expanded mandate that is sensitive and respects culturalneeds. This mandate should support the needs of individuals and communities for ahealthier life, and open channels between the health sector and broader social, political,economic and physical environments.
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