SR99 Bored Tunnel-Assessment of Settlement Impacts ... - SCATnow

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effective than having to lay cables repeatedly. Wireless methods usually digitize thesignals, but it may be best to transform back into a continuous analog signal for easeof interfacing all of the sensors and observing them at the central location.The Alaskan Way Viaduct & Seawall Replacement Program March 2010Proposed SR 99 Bored Tunnel - Assessment of Settlement Impacts to Buildings E-6Public Disclosure Request 11-0123 for Elizabeth Campbell - 2nd installment
4.0 GPS Monitoring4.1 Goals4.2 ImplementationGPS Rover stations can provide direct settlement information of x, y, and zcoordinates at multiple points on a building, though nearby base station equipment isrequired to serve as a reference point.• Direct readings of settlements with an accuracy of approximately 1/4 inch.• Limited to some special and important structures due to cost.• Typical accuracy of 1/4 inch or better after multiple hours of post-processingthe raw data.GPS monitoring is widely used abroad on hundreds of installations. Severalmanufacturers and consultants have different techniques, but reliable and consistentinformation on settlement is available to be observed remotely. On projects aroundthe world two or three base stations are used on a project of this size to serve asreference points to the GPS Rover stations placed on buildings. Others utilize onebase station and can have up to 20 remote stations on buildings that analyze buildingsettlements with a software package.The only requirement besides power and internet access is a relatively unobstructedoverhead view to the satellites; however, no line of sight to reference stations isrequired. Placing two GPS stations on diagonal corners of a building should giveconsiderable information on differential settlement and expected damage, butadditional information from tilt meters would likely be required.Special antennas can enhance the accuracy at difficult locations, such as stations onthe ground with obstructed overhead views.There are no ongoing GPS subscription fees, but maintenance contracts on theequipment should insure the firmware and software are up-to-date with potentialchanges.The GPS Rover stations can be easily moved to the roofs of other buildings as thetunnel boring progresses, thereby lowering the cost per building monitored.The Alaskan Way Viaduct & Seawall Replacement Program March 2010Proposed SR 99 Bored Tunnel - Assessment of Settlement Impacts to Buildings E-7Public Disclosure Request 11-0123 for Elizabeth Campbell - 2nd installment
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Table of Contents1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMM
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Proposed SR 99 Bored Tunnel -Assess
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The damage classification for the r
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2.0 Program Description & Backgroun
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2.2 Tunnel Project DescriptionThe T
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2.2.3 North Access Project Descript
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3.0 Building AssessmentThe tunnel a
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. History of settlement - based upo
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4.0 Settlement and Ground Movement4
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Figure 3. Generalized Transverse Se
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5.0 Building Response to Excavation
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Table 2. Building Damage Classifica
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tunnel axis), the settlement trough
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6.0 Results of Structural Analyses6
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Therefore, high-rise buildings alon
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Table 4. Summary of Building Damage
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PROPERTY IDPROPERTY ADDRESSAPPROXIM
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Page 47 and 48: 7.0 ReferencesAttewell, P.B.; Yeate
Page 49 and 50: Appendix ATunnel Alignment Plan She
Page 51 and 52: A1Legend! ! SeawallPiersAreawaysTun
Page 53 and 54: T161NOTES :1) ASSESSMENT OF DAMAGE
Page 55 and 56: A3LegendMONORAILEBIAreawaysTunnelTu
Page 57 and 58: Appendix BBuilding Damage Classific
Page 59 and 60: Figure B-1. Graphical Illustration
Page 61 and 62: Appendix CBuilding Assessment Forms
Page 63 and 64: List of Abbreviations Used in Build
Page 65 and 66: Distance to Tunnel:• Horizontal o
Page 67 and 68: example, T311 and T312 are the same
Page 69 and 70: Appendix DBoscardin and Cording Ana
Page 71 and 72: Table of Contents1.0 B&C ANALYSIS M
Page 73 and 74: 1.0 B&C Analysis MethodThe building
Page 75 and 76: Offset, Yδε hLβDeparture from tu
Page 77 and 78: Figure D-1. Building Location Coord
Page 79 and 80: 1.00.90.80.7G((X-XT)/KZ)0.60.50.40.
Page 81 and 82: 2.0 B&C Damage ClassificationsTable
Page 83 and 84: 3.0 E/G RatioE/G is based upon Tabl
Page 85 and 86: 4.0 Building HeightBuilding height
Page 87 and 88: 5.0 Foundation DepthThe analysis to
Page 89 and 90: Appendix EMonitoringThe Alaskan Way
Page 91 and 92: Table of Contents1.0 INTRODUCTION .
Page 93 and 94: 1.0 IntroductionThe potential groun
Page 95 and 96: 2.0 Basic MonitoringManual survey p
Page 97: 3.0 Tilt Meter Monitoring3.1 Goals3
Page 101 and 102: 5.0 Automated Monitoring Total Stat
Page 103 and 104: 6.0 Distributed Data Acquisition6.1
Page 105 and 106: The emerging capability of wireless
Page 107 and 108: 7.0 Levels of MonitoringEach buildi
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