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36 Research on hygienic flooring systemsother cultivation test procedures. The efcacy of fungistaticor fungicidal coatings can be assessed on implementingProcedure B outlined in ISO 846. Fungistatic or fungicidaleffects can be assessed if an inhibition zone is formed afterapplication of the material sample to a fully-colonised Petridish.CleanabilityIn order to assure hygienic processes and give productsa maximum shelf life, adequate cleanability is generallynecessary from a hygienic aspect. 23 A clean manufacturingenvironment is capable of minimising factors that could havea negative effect on sensitive products. 24 A standardisedtest procedure veries the degree of effectiveness withwhich particles can be removed from a ooring system bywipe-cleaning. A linear wiping simulator is used to ensurereproducibility of the cleaning (Figure 7). Before beingcleaned, test surfaces are reproducibly contaminated witha dened quantity of particles. Before and after the cleaningprocess, the concentration of particles present is determinedby a measuring device that detects particles on surfaces(PMT Partikel-Messtechnik GmbH, Heimsheim, Germany).This enables the relative cleaning success of differentsurfaces to be calculated, and gives a comparative valuebased on standardised surface cleanliness classes. 9,25,26Figure 15 shows the results of a cleanability test on amaterial surface.Particulate emissionThe classication of particulate emission is based on the aircleanliness classes dened in ISO 14644-1 (Figure 8). 2 It isprincipally assumed that all particles generated by a ooringsystem as a result of tribological stress are released into asurrounding volume of air of 1 m 3 . 9 The ISO class calculatedaccording to VDI 2083 Part 17 is, however, only a materialclassication value and cannot be directly correlated withthe cleanroom class in which the ooring system canbe implemented. To do this, the anticipated tribologicalstress also has to be taken into consideration. However,the material classication value established does enablethe abrasion resistance of different ooring systems to bedirectly compared.Figure 8. Classication of air cleanliness in accordance with ISO14644-1. The classication of particulate emission behaviour frommaterial samples is based on this classication..C outgassingFigure 7. Linear wiping simulator.ClassicationClassications regarding particulate emission, outgassing,chemical and biological resistance, antimicrobial propertiesand cleanability are explained below in detail as developedby the industrial alliance CSM and standardised in theguideline VDI 2083 Part 17. The clear comparability andsimple communication of information enables suitablematerials to be rapidly selected according to their futureconditions of use.To convert the SER value into an ISO AMC m class forthe type of contamination concerned (in this case volatileorganic compounds) the value is normed. The classicationis based on ISO AMC cleanroom classes in accordance withISO 14644-8 (Figure 9). 27 The actual detection limit is ISOAMC m (VOC) = -9.6. This material classication calculatedin accordance with VDI 2083 Part 17 does not correlatewith the corresponding ISO AMC cleanroom class. It doeshowever permit the outgassing behavior of different ooringsystems to be directly compared with one another. Based onthe material classication value ISO AMC m , the anticipatedISO AMC class can be estimated if all relevant operatingparameters are known (e.g., surface area, air-conditioningtechnology, volume of the manufacturing environment,etc.). 10,14