here - Center on International Cooperation - New York University

66 | Mission ReviewsEUSR in Bosnia and Herzegovina/Office ofthe High Representative (OHR)Authorization Date 11 March 2002 (2002/211/CFSP)Start Date June 2002Head of Mission Valentin Inzko (Austria)BudgetEUSR: $3.1 million(1 March 2010-31 August 2010)OHR: funded by the PeaceImplementation Council (PIC),whose budget is about $12.6million (2010-2011)Strength as of International Staff: 24July 2010 (OHR) Local Staff: 144OSCE Mission to Bosnia and Herzegovina(OSCE-BiH)Authorization 8 December 1995and Start Date (MC(5).DEC/1)Head of Mission Ambassador Gary D. Robbins(United States)Budget$19.9 million(1 January 2010-31 December 2010)Strength as of International Staff: 691 August 2010 Local Staff: 439For detailed mission information see p. 236Catherine Ashton, EU High Representative for Foreign and Security Policy, visitsthe OHR in Sarajevo, February 2010.Successive high representatives in Sarajevo suggestedthat the EU take responsibility for Bosnianaffairs, and UNMIK officials declared that Kosovo’sfuture lay with the Union.These transitional processes have suffered aseries of set-backs in recent years. Political tensionsOHRin BiH have delayed the changeover to EU oversight.The lack of international consensus onKosovo’s status has meant that UNMIK remains inplace and has complicated the efforts of the ICR/EUSR to play a role in Serb-majority north Kosovo.These political complications have not preventedpolitical missions across the region fromdevolving increasing responsibilities to nationalauthorities. The EU is reconfiguring its own presencein the region as it consolidates its foreignpresences in the wake of the Lisbon Treaty. Themandate for the EUSR in FYROM will, for example,end next year but the EU Delegation in Skopjewill continue to play an influential role. T<strong>here</strong> istalk of a new EU super-envoy in Sarajevo to cutthrough the political impasse t<strong>here</strong>. Yet the rationalizationof the international political presence inthe Western Balkans is incomplete.Bosnia and HerzegovinaThe Office of the High Representative (OHR) inBosnia and Herzegovina and the OSCE Missionin BiH were launched following the 1995 DaytonPeace Agreement that ended the Bosnian war.Under Dayton, the High Representative is mandatedto give guidance to the civilian componentsof the international presence (including the OSCEand UN agencies) but does not have direct authorityover them. Although only answerable to thePeace Implementation Council, the High Representativeis mandated to report to the UN SecurityCouncil, the European Union, the US, Russia andother interested parties.Both missions have operated alongsidesuccessive military operations (led by NATO from1995 to 2004 and then by the EU) and police missions(led by the UN from 1995 to 2003 and theEU t<strong>here</strong>after). In 1997, the Peace ImplementationCouncil granted the High Representativepowers – known as the Bonn powers – to removeBosnian officials and impose legislation withoutreferring to national officials. In 2002, the fourthHigh Representative, the United Kingdom’s PaddyAshdown, was double-hatted as the EUSR withthe task of coordinating the EU’s various policytools in BiH more effectively. This did not, however,give him command of the EU’s police andmilitary missions. 2