Gem and Ornamental

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Figure 8.8w=.Detail of pmsed card case, showing rounded edges to theFigurt 8.9 Detail of uarved card case, showing sharp edges to the patternand indications of layers in the tortoiseshell.The following applies mostly to tortoiseshell hm the hawlabillturtle, as that hrn the green and loggerhead is thin and more brittle,and takes less easily to the various treatments.Scutes hm adult d e s are the most suitable for working. Theshells of juveniles are often polished and sold whole.
F I 8.10 Box combining tortoismhell and horn. The tortoiseshell edgehae asked.Tortoisethell mkes a good polish, giving an host mirror hi&.This dulls with time,Tomisethell can be cut and cmd. The thickest part of the scutewould be used for a mmhg in relief, for ex~mgle as the lid of abox.Being thwmopk~tic, tortoiseshell can be heated and moulded intoshape, maining this shape when it cools. Heating can either bedone dry or by boiling in water. The material becomes too brittleto mould after a couple of years, so must be used fresh.Tortoiseshell can also be heated and pressed into a mould toproduce a picture in relief (Fii 8.7 and 8.8).When heated su&iently, tortoiseshell becomes slightly sticky andseveral hyen can then be welded together. This was commonpractice in the past, using scrap and pieces of tortoiseshell of inhiorquality to produce material that could be camed into figures, combsor boxes (Hi 8.7 and 8.9). The mtre of the scutes, which werenaturally thick, were not used in this way.Thin sections of tortoiseshell can be heated and welded to thickerpieces of horn to give more bulk at less expense. The lid and sidesof a box can be made thia way, giving the overall impression of atortoiseshell item (Fig. 8.10).Rasping the edges of the seutes, then hearing and pressing themtogether can produce large sheets of matetial. T%is provides pieceslarge enough to use as fumiture veneer.As a veneer, tortoiseshell can be placed over a coloured or paintedbackground. An oil-based, organic paint in white, yellow or red is
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Gem and OrnamentalMaterials of Orga
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Contents
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Introduction
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Photo credits
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AMBER AND COPAL 3Figure 1.1-Insect
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AMBER AND COPAL 5F M1.5 Poorly pres
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AMBHR AND COPAL 7Figure 1.7 Piece o
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10 GEMS AND ORNAMIWTAL MATBEUAZS OF
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12 GEMS AND ORNAMENTAL MA- OF ORGAN
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14 GaMs AND ORNAMENTAL ~~ OF ORGANI
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20 GHMS AND ORNAMlNTAL MATBRIAIS OF
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22 GEMS AND ORNAMHNTAL MATERMIS OF
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24 GEMS AND ORNAMENTAL MATERIMS OF
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AMBER AND COPAL 29Figure 1.34 Piece
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AMBER AND COPAL 35- - -Figure 1,37
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Figure 1.39 Amber and ivmy casket,
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40 GEMS AND ORNAMHNTAL MATERMIS OF
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42 GEMS AND ORNAMENTAL MATBElIALS O
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F I 2.6 Jet simuht showing uneven c
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Figure 2.9Vulcanite chain linlc whi
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Figure 2,12tesLJet simulant bead, a
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54 GaMs AND ORNAMENTAL ~~ OF ORGANI
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58 GaMs AND ORNAMENTAL MIXRIMS OF O
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The fedes dso any tu& though theirs
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mything hm fish and birds to the la
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70 GEMS AND ORNAMHNTAL MATERIALS OF
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Figure 3.9'Ivorine' plah he&, imimt
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+Even,76 GEMS AND ORNAMWTAL MA- OF
Page 95 and 96: 80 GBMs AND ORN-AL MATERMIS OF ORGA
Page 100: 4 Bone
Page 103 and 104: 88 GEMS AND ORNAMWTAL MA- OF ORGANI
Page 108 and 109: 5 Antler
Page 113 and 114: Figure 5*3 Tupilakof reindeer antle
Page 117 and 118: 6 Rhino horn
Page 119: 104 GaMs AND ORNAMHNTAL MATERMIS OF
Page 123 and 124: 7 Horn
Page 126 and 127: HORN 111
Page 128: Figme 7.4Various modem horn items.F
Page 132 and 133: ~igare 7.8 Hmn s m m m under mad-po
Page 135 and 136: aq ppo g 'my1103 3emdmw Po02 ta apt
Page 138: Figure 7.13 Horn p d t by Mme Bone.
Page 141 and 142: 126 GEM AND ORNAMENTAL MATERMU OF O
Page 144 and 145: Greens me larger than hawksbills an
Page 148 and 149: Figure 8.11 Tomkhell dressing table
Page 150: Figure 8.13colour .Plastic imimtiug
Page 157 and 158: 9 Pearl
Page 160 and 161: Figure 9.2 Broken blister pearl in
Page 163 and 164: America. The pearls were plentiful,
Page 165 and 166: 150 GHMs AND 0-AL MA- OF ORGANIC OR
Page 167: 152 GEMS AND OKNAMENTAL ~~ OF ORGAN
Page 170 and 171: Figure 9,12 DyedChinese &&waterpear
Page 172 and 173: masn q~w q ma^ umqmd pamapnu pamp n
Page 175 and 176: Figure 9,17Cultured pearl, ahowing
Page 178: Figure 9.22Coated p hk bead with wo
Page 184: 10 Shell
Page 187 and 188: Figure 10.2Cowrie ahells: natural a
Page 190 and 191: Figure 10.5Three opercula (magn5ed)
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of the shell is lost. It is usually
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184 GHMs AND ORNAMENTAL MATERIALS O
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××
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11 Coral
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Tlis order covers soft corals, but
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198 GBMs AND ORNAMENTAL MATBRIALS O
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200 G W AND ORNAMENTAL MATERIMS OF
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202 G W AND ORMAMENTAL MA-OF ORGANI
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204 GEMS AND OKNAMENTAL MATERIMS OF
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206 GHhZs AND ORNAMENTAL MllRUU OF
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210 GaMs AND ORN-AL MATERIM3 OF ORG
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212 GaMs AND ORN-AL MATERIAIS OF OR
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12 Miscellaneous organics
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222 GEMS AND 0-AL MA- OF ORGANIC OR
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Figure 12.5 Chinme lacquer brooch (
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Figure 12.8Vegetable ivorg structur
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MIScELIANROUS ORGANICS 233Figme 12.
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Figum 12.12 Two demtive cups of osi
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Figare 13,lShellac Union case.Shell
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244 GEMS AND OKNAMENTAL MATERIMS OF
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246 GaMs AND 0-AL MATERIMS OF ORGAN
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Glossary×
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