Gem and Ornamental

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Figure 8.11 Tomkhell dressing table ser with dver piqd work.usually used to emphmise the colouring and pattern of the tortoiseshell(Fix, 8.5).Tormisethell an dm be used as a backgmmd for inlay. The elasticquality of tortoiseahell gives it the ability to hold amd pieces of goldor dver when the^ are pressed into the material as it is heated. Itis not necessary to hollow out sections for inlery, or to glue them inplace, as the material conmas on cooling. This is called 'piquk'work, and is verg often seen in dressing table sets or tortoiseshelljewellay (Fii 8.6 and 8.11).Mother-of-pearl is also a popular material for use as an inlay intortoiseshell, especially in items produced in the Far Bast.Tortoiseshell has kquently been used as an inlay or veneer togetherwith ivory or brass. This is not only aesthetically plea- as thematerials complement each other, but also protects the tortoiseahell,which can be susceptible to damage. It is seen on furniture anditems such as cash or clack cases.Too much heating can destroy some of the mottling and darken themated, Tlis is sometimes apparent in d, pressed items suchas boxes,The scutes of the green and loggefhd turtles are thin, and it wouldseem m obvious solution to weld them together for bulk. However,the welded material hm thae turtles mcks and splits with time.In Japan dorm were made to get wound this by covering a singlehyer of tortoiseshell with plastic to add bulk, but the result was amat4 of &or qdy, which was thedm unsatisfactory.
134 G m AND ORNAMHNTAL MATERIAIS OF ORGANIC ORIGINFigure 8,12Plastic imimting tortoiseshell.+ItBeing thin, the tortoiseahell hm grem and loggerhead turtles issuitable for use as veneer. HOW- they rn less easy haw&bill tortoiseshell to weld together to & larger pieces.i worth noting that a turtle gives not only tortoiseshell scum, buta h leather from its flippers, neck and mil, as well as meat, eggs dahpee - the cartilage used m the basic iugredient for turtle soup.No dBkmntiation is made here between the three types of tortoiseshell,since any imitation would automatically be of that hm the hawbbillhlrtle.Modem plastic is the most common simulant for tortoiseshelltoday. Various plastics are used and made into such objects as hairornaments - grips, clasps or combs - copying the mditional use ofthe material (Fii. 8.12).Emrly plnstics made good imitations. Espedy popular ww 'celluloid'or cellulose nimte. It is usually very easy to spot a plastic
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Gem and OrnamentalMaterials of Orga
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Contents
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Introduction
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Photo credits
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AMBER AND COPAL 3Figure 1.1-Insect
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AMBER AND COPAL 5F M1.5 Poorly pres
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AMBHR AND COPAL 7Figure 1.7 Piece o
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10 GEMS AND ORNAMIWTAL MATBEUAZS OF
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12 GEMS AND ORNAMENTAL MA- OF ORGAN
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14 GaMs AND ORNAMENTAL ~~ OF ORGANI
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20 GHMS AND ORNAMlNTAL MATBRIAIS OF
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22 GEMS AND ORNAMHNTAL MATERMIS OF
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24 GEMS AND ORNAMENTAL MATERIMS OF
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AMBER AND COPAL 29Figure 1.34 Piece
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AMBER AND COPAL 35- - -Figure 1,37
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Figure 1.39 Amber and ivmy casket,
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40 GEMS AND ORNAMHNTAL MATERMIS OF
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42 GEMS AND ORNAMENTAL MATBElIALS O
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F I 2.6 Jet simuht showing uneven c
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Figure 2.9Vulcanite chain linlc whi
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Figure 2,12tesLJet simulant bead, a
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54 GaMs AND ORNAMENTAL ~~ OF ORGANI
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58 GaMs AND ORNAMENTAL MIXRIMS OF O
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The fedes dso any tu& though theirs
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mything hm fish and birds to the la
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70 GEMS AND ORNAMHNTAL MATERIALS OF
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Figure 3.9'Ivorine' plah he&, imimt
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+Even,76 GEMS AND ORNAMWTAL MA- OF
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80 GBMs AND ORN-AL MATERMIS OF ORGA
Page 100: 4 Bone
Page 103 and 104: 88 GEMS AND ORNAMWTAL MA- OF ORGANI
Page 108 and 109: 5 Antler
Page 113 and 114: Figure 5*3 Tupilakof reindeer antle
Page 117 and 118: 6 Rhino horn
Page 119: 104 GaMs AND ORNAMHNTAL MATERMIS OF
Page 123 and 124: 7 Horn
Page 126 and 127: HORN 111
Page 128: Figme 7.4Various modem horn items.F
Page 132 and 133: ~igare 7.8 Hmn s m m m under mad-po
Page 135 and 136: aq ppo g 'my1103 3emdmw Po02 ta apt
Page 138: Figure 7.13 Horn p d t by Mme Bone.
Page 141 and 142: 126 GEM AND ORNAMENTAL MATERMU OF O
Page 144 and 145: Greens me larger than hawksbills an
Page 146 and 147: Figure 8.8w=.Detail of pmsed card c
Page 150: Figure 8.13colour .Plastic imimtiug
Page 157 and 158: 9 Pearl
Page 160 and 161: Figure 9.2 Broken blister pearl in
Page 163 and 164: America. The pearls were plentiful,
Page 165 and 166: 150 GHMs AND 0-AL MA- OF ORGANIC OR
Page 167: 152 GEMS AND OKNAMENTAL ~~ OF ORGAN
Page 170 and 171: Figure 9,12 DyedChinese &&waterpear
Page 172 and 173: masn q~w q ma^ umqmd pamapnu pamp n
Page 175 and 176: Figure 9,17Cultured pearl, ahowing
Page 178: Figure 9.22Coated p hk bead with wo
Page 184: 10 Shell
Page 187 and 188: Figure 10.2Cowrie ahells: natural a
Page 190 and 191: Figure 10.5Three opercula (magn5ed)
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Page 197 and 198: of the shell is lost. It is usually
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184 GHMs AND ORNAMENTAL MATERIALS O
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××
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11 Coral
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Tlis order covers soft corals, but
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198 GBMs AND ORNAMENTAL MATBRIALS O
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200 G W AND ORNAMENTAL MATERIMS OF
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202 G W AND ORMAMENTAL MA-OF ORGANI
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204 GEMS AND OKNAMENTAL MATERIMS OF
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206 GHhZs AND ORNAMENTAL MllRUU OF
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210 GaMs AND ORN-AL MATERIM3 OF ORG
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212 GaMs AND ORN-AL MATERIAIS OF OR
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12 Miscellaneous organics
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222 GEMS AND 0-AL MA- OF ORGANIC OR
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Figure 12.5 Chinme lacquer brooch (
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Figure 12.8Vegetable ivorg structur
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MIScELIANROUS ORGANICS 233Figme 12.
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Figum 12.12 Two demtive cups of osi
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Figare 13,lShellac Union case.Shell
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244 GEMS AND OKNAMENTAL MATERIMS OF
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246 GaMs AND 0-AL MATERIMS OF ORGAN
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Glossary×
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Gem and Ornamental

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