Hydrologic Issues for Dams - Association of State Dam Safety Officials

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PrefaceOne of the activities authorized by the Dam Safety and Security Act of 2002 is researchto enhance the Nation’s ability to assure that adequate dam safety programs and practicesare in place throughout the United States. The Act of 2002 states that the Director of theFederal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), in cooperation with the National DamSafety Review Board (Review Board), shall carry out a program of technical and archivalresearch to develop and support:• improved techniques, historical experience, and equipment for rapid and effectivedam construction, rehabilitation, and inspection;• devices for continued monitoring of the safety of dams;• development and maintenance of information resources systems needed tosupport managing the safety of dams; and• initiatives to guide the formulation of effective policy and advance improvementsin dam safety engineering, security, and management.With the funding authorized by the Congress, the goal of the Review Board and the DamSafety Research Work Group (Work Group) is to encourage research in those areasexpected to make significant contributions to improving the safety and security of damsthroughout the United States. The Work Group (formerly the Research Subcommittee ofthe Interagency Committee on Dam Safety) met initially in February 1998. To identifyand prioritize research needs, the Subcommittee sponsored a workshop on ResearchNeeds in Dam Safety in Washington D.C. in April 1999. Representatives of state andfederal agencies, academia, and private industry attended the workshop. Seventeen broadarea topics related to the research needs of the dam safety community were identified.To more fully develop the research needs identified, the Research Subcommitteesubsequently sponsored a series of nine workshops. Each workshop addressed a broadresearch topic (listed below) identified in the initial workshop. Experts attending theworkshops included international representatives as well as representatives of state,federal, and private organizations within the United States.• Impacts of Plants and Animals on Earthen Dams• Risk Assessment for Dams• Spillway Gates• Seepage through Embankment Dams• Embankment Dam Failure Analysis• Hydrologic Issues for Dams• Dam Spillways• Seismic Issues for Dams• Dam Outlet WorksIn April 2003, the Work Group developed a 5-year Strategic Plan that prioritizes researchneeds based on the results of the research workshops. The 5-year Strategic Plan ensuresthat priority will be given to those projects that demonstrate a high degree of
collaboration and expertise, and the likelihood of producing products that will contributeto the safety of dams in the United States. As part of the Strategic Plan, the Work Groupdeveloped criteria for evaluating the research needs identified in the research workshops.Scoring criteria was broken down into three broad evaluation areas: value, technicalscope, and product. The framework adopted by the Work Group involved the use of a“decision quadrant” to enable the National Dam Safety Program to move research alongto produce easily developed, timely, and useful products in the near-term and to developmore difficult, but useful, research over a 5-year timeframe. The decision quadrantformat also makes it possible to revisit research each year and to revise research prioritiesbased on current needs and knowledge gained from ongoing research and otherdevelopments.Based on the research workshops, research topics have been proposed and pursued.Several topics have progressed to products of use to the dam safety community, such astechnical manuals and guidelines. For future research, it is the goal of the Work Group toexpand dam safety research to other institutions and professionals performing research inthis field.The proceedings from the research workshops present a comprehensive and detaileddiscussion and analysis of the research topics addressed by the experts participating in theworkshops. The participants at all of the research workshops are to be commended fortheir diligent and highly professional efforts on behalf of the National Dam SafetyProgram.
Page 1: The National DamSafety ProgramResea
Page 5 and 6: TABLE OF CONTENTSPage #FOREWORD....
Page 7 and 8: NEW DEVELOPMENTS AND NEEDS IN SITE-
Page 9 and 10: FOREWORDThe Federal Emergency Manag
Page 11 and 12: The PMF represents an estimated upp
Page 13 and 14: RESEARCH AREASResearch needs were b
Page 15 and 16: Lack of Historical Data for Extreme
Page 17 and 18: should be developed that will allow
Page 19 and 20: • Storms used in HMR 55A and in t
Page 21 and 22: last 20,000 year s in submitting th
Page 23 and 24: d. USBR Guidelines Publication, Dam
Page 25 and 26: was severe. There was a potential,
Page 27 and 28: Thirdly, we must develop better way
Page 29 and 30: For most projects, the first step f
Page 31 and 32: Instead of lumping the loss rates t
Page 33 and 34: adjust the rating curve for when th
Page 35 and 36: In response to this situation, TVA
Page 37 and 38: TVA established a Regional Resource
Page 39 and 40: The Utah Hydrological ExperienceByM
Page 41 and 42: The Utah Hydrological ExperienceByM
Page 43 and 44: Late SpringRain on snow eventModel
Page 45 and 46: State of GeorgiaFEMA Workshop on Hy
Page 47 and 48: a. HEC1• DOS based program - glit
Page 49 and 50: Long te rm hydrologic needs include
Page 51 and 52: Current State and County PracticesA
Page 53 and 54:
present standards and, as such, are
Page 55 and 56:
Research Needs in Dam Safety Analys
Page 57 and 58:
Looking at the four test cases give
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Hydrologic Analyses Related to Dam
Page 61 and 62:
(iii) Modified Expected Cost Approa
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Parameter Estimation Based on Joint
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estimation of lag times and loss ra
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Hydrology for Dam Safety - Private
Page 69 and 70:
Probable Maximum PrecipitationAll o
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The most common synthetic methods a
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the standard would be very conserva
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65Paper 12 - Cecilio
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Page 79 and 80:
Page 81 and 82:
REFERENCES1. U. S. Army Corps of En
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Overview of Flood Estimation Proced
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Extreme FloodsExtreme floods, the t
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Temporal patterns used to distribut
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Preliminary Estimates of Rainfall a
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24 to 72 hours). CRC Research Repor
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CURRENT AND FUTURE HYDROLOGIC RESEA
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ecause existing procedures are inad
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REGULATORY INVOLVEMENT AND COMMUNIC
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Decision BasisThe third feature of
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However, should it be revealed that
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supporting sub-processes. Therefore
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Probability ofFailure P f1Probabili
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Since any rigorous analysis is an i
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well, and usually do include subjec
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Against this background, there is n
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Howson, Colin., and Peter. Urbach.
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Procedures and Analysis Technologie
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Currently transposition limits for
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pro cedures are used to allow the h
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Use of Atmospheric Models in Rainfa
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mountain watersheds in response to
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18. Schaefer MG, Stochastic Modelin
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dams which could be used to save li
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Hydrodynamic modelMIKE 21 BACKGROUN
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A FRAMEWORK FOR CHARACTERIZATION OF
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c) Decision Level Risk Assessment:
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credible estimates of extreme flood
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Fitting a distribution to data sets
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unoff volumes. Examples of this typ
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used to estimate frequency distribu
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Hosking, J.R.M., and J.R. Wallis, 1
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in west central Arizona. The draina
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Trial and error reservoir routings
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Figure 1 Alamo DamAlamo Dam and Spi
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Paper 19 - Chieh and Evelyn 146
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esources are made to mitigate flood
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implementing a risk-assessment meth
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Typically, the elevation of the top
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similar to that of the high-gradien
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and provides a cost-effective frame
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10000E. Colorado
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10000x Peak Discharge95% confidence
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An integrated science approach will
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ReferencesBaker, V.R., Kochel, R.C.
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Partnerships, Proceeding of the 200
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Flood HydrographThe flood hydrograp
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A variety of data including informa
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Improved Flood Frequency Extrapolat
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RESEARCH NEEDS SUMMARYJerry Webb, H
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o Unsteady flow computer models for
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• Upd ate “Generalized Snowmelt
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DISCUSSION1. Genera l - After the p
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participant was asked to pick what
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RISK ANALYSIS100Relative Comparison
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WORKSHOPONHYDROLGIC RESEARCH NEEDSF
Page 193:
JOE SKUPIENPrincipal Hydraulic Engi
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Hydrologic Issues for Dams - Association of State Dam Safety Officials

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