Taxonomy and Ecology Of Inland Sand Dune ... - Mycorrhizae

26alcohol (FAA), and the roots werestained in Trypan blue-lactophenol(Phillips and Hayman, 1970). Percentmycorrhizal colonization wasdetermined by the use of the lineintercepttechnique (Giovanetti andMosse, 1980). Before statisticalanalyses, the pH values (a log scale)were transformed into arithmeticallyequivalent values (a linear scale), thesevalues were analyzed, and the valueswere reconverted to pH values(Daubenmire, 1947). The multivariategeneral linear hypothesis (MGLH) inSystat 5.2 (Wilkinson et al., 1992) wasused for statistical comparisons.Significance was at the 95% confidencelevel.D. CORRELATION OF VAMCOLONIZATION WITH CHANGE INABOVE GROUND VEGETATION,SOIL MOISTURE, AND SOIL pHThree transects across the dune fieldwere established as follows: the first wasin June and across a vegetated section ofthe sand dune; the second was in Julyand across a vegetated to a nonvegetated(active) section of the sand dune; and thethird was in August and across avegetated to a nonvegetated section ofthe sand dune. The June transect was330-m long, and the July and Augusttransects were 245-m long. The threetransects covered two separate sand hillson the north dune. July and Augusttransects were located on the same sandhill.At 5-m intervals along each line transect,a 50 X 50-cm quadrant was positionedand each quadrat was sampled. Therelative amount of vegetated andnonvegetated area varied along transectsof June, July, and August because ofdifferences in cover plant developmentand disturbance activities. Vegetationcover in June, July, and August wasmainly sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata),bitterbrush (Purshia tridentata), andvarious grasses. Vegetation was presentin the June transect along the west, top,and the east sides of the hill. However,in the July and August transectsvegetation was present along 95-m onthe west side of the hill. Analyses werebased on data collected from 19