Taxonomy and Ecology Of Inland Sand Dune ... - Mycorrhizae

5nonsporocarpic, and produced sporesborne singly and laterally on a hyphathat terminates in a large thin-walledvesicle, and formed VAM fungalassociations.The genus Glaziella, at one time, wasincluded as a member of theEndogonaceae. However, Gibson et al.(1986) found that the teleomorphic stageof this fungus was an Ascomycete. Theytransferred entire genus Glaziella to theAscomycetes in a new family,Glaziellaceae, and a new order,Glaziellales.In 1984 Trappe and Schenck transferredthe genus Modicella to the familyMortierellaceae in the order Mucoralesof the Zygomycetes. Glomus infrequenswas transferred into the new genusEntrophospora, as E. infrequens,because the fungal spores were unlikeany other described species in theEndogonaceae (Ames and Schneider,1979). The genus Gigaspora was splitinto two genera, Gigaspora Gerd andTrappe emend. Walker and Sanders andScutellospora Walker and Sanders(Walker and Sanders, 1986). Thisseparation was based on details of sporegermination, spore wall structure, andmorphology of auxiliary cells.Morton and Benny (1990) placedGlomus, Sclerocystis, Acaulospora,Entrophospora, Gigaspora, andScutellospora in the new orderGlomales, which includes twosuborders: the Glomineae and theGigasporineae. The Glomineae wasseparated into two families: theGlomaceae (Pirozynski and Dalpé,1989) and Acaulosporaceae (Morton andBenny, 1990). The Gigasporineae(Morton and Benny, 1990) containedonly one family, the Gigasporaceae, andtwo genera, Gigaspora andScutellospora. The most recentmonograph of VAM fungi includes thedescriptions of 148 species (Schenck andPérez 1990).Trappe (1982) used morphologicalcharacteristics and spore germination asmajor characters in his synoptic key forVAM fungal classification. The genusEndogone still is classified according toits teleomorphic characteristics(sporocarps and zygospores).