dharma TALKcan re-establish communication between us. <strong>The</strong> other person maybe our spouse, our partner, our daughter or our son, our friend,or our parents. That practice is deep listen<strong>in</strong>g and lov<strong>in</strong>g speech.If there is no peace <strong>in</strong> the body and the m<strong>in</strong>d, we cannot practicelov<strong>in</strong>g speech and deep listen<strong>in</strong>g. When we are able to practicedeep listen<strong>in</strong>g and lov<strong>in</strong>g speech, we can help the other person tosuffer less. Joy can be re-established <strong>in</strong> the family.I’d like to <strong>in</strong>form you that Western practitioners, after justfive days <strong>of</strong> practice, can reconcile with their families, withhappily and peacefully <strong>in</strong> the present moment, and <strong>in</strong> order to dothat we have to br<strong>in</strong>g together the three factors <strong>of</strong> body, m<strong>in</strong>d, andbreath. But what if one <strong>of</strong> these three factors, for example, myfoot, has a problem and I cannot keep it still. So then would mypractice yield peace or ease?Thay: Very good! [audience applause] First <strong>of</strong> all, do not waituntil you have pa<strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong> your foot, then say, “I cannot practice!”Practice when you don’t have pa<strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong> your foot. When there’spa<strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong> the leg, first <strong>of</strong> all we take care, we try to f<strong>in</strong>d treatmentBuddhism is not a devotional religion, it is a treasure <strong>of</strong> great wisdom.their parents. If they practice, they <strong>in</strong>vest a hundred percent <strong>in</strong>totheir practice because they want to succeed and not practice justfor form.Children <strong>of</strong> the BuddhaWe organize retreats for Westerners to practice with <strong>Vietnam</strong>ese.In these retreats the <strong>Vietnam</strong>ese see the Western practitionerspractic<strong>in</strong>g diligently and correctly.We have been children <strong>of</strong> the Buddha for two thousand years.We cannot do worse than Westerners. We can do just as well oreven better. We have to have deep faith <strong>in</strong> the teach<strong>in</strong>gs and practices<strong>of</strong> the Buddha. Buddhism is not a devotional religion, it is atreasure <strong>of</strong> great wisdom.It’s just like a jackfruit. <strong>The</strong> devotional part is only the shelloutside. When you cut it open and go deeply <strong>in</strong>to it there are partsthat are very sweet, very fragrant and s<strong>of</strong>t. Many <strong>of</strong> us have beenpractic<strong>in</strong>g just on the outside <strong>of</strong> the jackfruit, but when we go <strong>in</strong>toit we can enjoy it very deeply. We need to learn — not <strong>in</strong> orderto accumulate Buddhist knowledge, but so that we can apply it<strong>in</strong> our daily lives.First <strong>of</strong> all, we learn to practice <strong>in</strong> such a way that we can sitstill and relax our body and m<strong>in</strong>d. We learn so that we can listendeeply and speak lov<strong>in</strong>gly. Perhaps <strong>in</strong> only one or two weeks wecan change our whole lives. We can br<strong>in</strong>g happ<strong>in</strong>ess <strong>in</strong>to ourfamily. Many people have been able to do it. If we want to wecan also do that.This is the first dharma talk. I don’t want to speak very long,so I will leave a little time so that you can ask questions.Dwell<strong>in</strong>g Happily <strong>in</strong> thePresent MomentWoman from audience: First <strong>of</strong> all I would like to wish Thayand the monks and nuns good health so that you can cont<strong>in</strong>ueto transmit the teach<strong>in</strong>gs to us and to future generations. Whenwe practice we can come back to the present moment and dwellfor the leg and at the same time we f<strong>in</strong>d a way to sit so that there’scomfort. <strong>The</strong>re are people who have problems. Instead <strong>of</strong> us<strong>in</strong>gone cushion, they use two cushions. Instead <strong>of</strong> sitt<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> a lotusposition they sit <strong>in</strong> a half-lotus, or they sit on a stool or <strong>in</strong> a chair.People may sit <strong>in</strong> a chair but they can still br<strong>in</strong>g their m<strong>in</strong>d backto their body.As for the breath, for example, it may be very difficult whenwe have asthma. So we should practice when we are not hav<strong>in</strong>gan asthma attack, and then when we have an asthma attack we canstill practice with that.Do not use the excuse that I have this particular difficultywith my body or my m<strong>in</strong>d or my breath. <strong>The</strong>re are people who arevictims <strong>of</strong> vehicle accidents, who were artists and now they cannotdraw with their hands, so they use their feet to draw — beautifulpa<strong>in</strong>t<strong>in</strong>gs. So if we have a little pa<strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong> our feet or we have difficultieswith our breath, we can still practice. We don’t use thatexcuse to be too lax <strong>in</strong> the practice.Invok<strong>in</strong>g the Buddha’s NameMan from audience: When we use the breath to <strong>in</strong>voke thename <strong>of</strong> Amitaba Buddha, breath<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>, we say “Namo” [“praise”];breath<strong>in</strong>g out we say, “Amitaba Buddha.” “Namo, Amitaba Buddha.”This is the Buddha <strong>of</strong> the Pure Land, and so when you teachus, “Breath<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>, I feel calm, breath<strong>in</strong>g out, I feel ease,” I cansay it’s somewhat equivalent to my practice. Slowly it br<strong>in</strong>gs meto this concentration <strong>of</strong> the breath at a higher level. When there’sconcentration on the breath and on <strong>in</strong>vocation <strong>of</strong> the Buddha, it canhelp heal us. So I would like to share that with you, and I wouldlike to express my gratitude <strong>of</strong> your teach<strong>in</strong>g today.Thay: Very good. We can comb<strong>in</strong>e the practice <strong>of</strong> <strong>in</strong>vok<strong>in</strong>g thename <strong>of</strong> Amitaba Buddha with the practice <strong>of</strong> breath<strong>in</strong>g meditation.But tonight we talk about the sutra Anapanasati, M<strong>in</strong>dfulness <strong>of</strong>Breath<strong>in</strong>g, which was taught by the Buddha himself. We can usethis orig<strong>in</strong>al sutra <strong>in</strong> all different Buddhist traditions, whether PureLand or Zen or other traditions. We did not say that this is the onlymethod <strong>of</strong> practice, because there are many other practices. We just8 Summer 2007
dharma TALKbrought up a few exercises that the Buddha suggested to us. It doesnot mean that we do not affirm or recognize other practices.Whatever Dharma practices br<strong>in</strong>g us to relaxation, freedom,and peace <strong>of</strong> body, they are all best practices. We don’t want towaste time say<strong>in</strong>g that this practice is better than other practices.Some people feel comfortable with certa<strong>in</strong> practices; otherpeople may not feel that they succeed <strong>in</strong> a practice, so they tryanother practice. Whatever practice we do, we want to reach thefruits <strong>of</strong> that practice — freshness, happ<strong>in</strong>ess, calmness. <strong>The</strong>re ispeace and happ<strong>in</strong>ess right away, and we don’t have to wait untilthree, four months later or three, four years later to taste that fruit.It’s the same way <strong>in</strong> the practice <strong>of</strong> <strong>in</strong>vok<strong>in</strong>g the name <strong>of</strong> the Buddha.We <strong>in</strong>voke the name <strong>of</strong> the Buddha <strong>in</strong> such a way that thereis peace and happ<strong>in</strong>ess right <strong>in</strong> the moment while <strong>in</strong>vok<strong>in</strong>g thename. If we feel fear or anxiety, it is not <strong>in</strong> the spirit <strong>of</strong> the teach<strong>in</strong>gs<strong>of</strong> the Buddha. So that’s what it means, dwell<strong>in</strong>g peacefullyand happily <strong>in</strong> the present moment.Be<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> Touch with the DepartedMan <strong>in</strong> audience: In a magaz<strong>in</strong>e they said that today Thaywould give a Dharma talk about be<strong>in</strong>g with my loved one, and howto practice to br<strong>in</strong>g peace to myself. When you gave the Dharmatalk tonight, you said that when you are able to be <strong>in</strong> touch withyour breath, you have peace and happ<strong>in</strong>ess. Do you mean thatwhen we have peace and happ<strong>in</strong>ess, we can be <strong>in</strong> touch with ourloved ones who are dead?Thay: We will go slowly, step by step. <strong>The</strong>re are many differenttopics. We will have the three ceremonies to pray for the peoplewho passed away dur<strong>in</strong>g the <strong>Vietnam</strong> war, and we can pose thequestion: “My loved ones have died <strong>in</strong> the war. How can I br<strong>in</strong>gthem peace? How can I help them to be liberated?” <strong>The</strong>se topicsneed a lot <strong>of</strong> time to understand because they are very deep.Just like any scientific field, Buddhism needs to take steps.When we cannot take the first step and the second step, it’s verydifficult for us to take further steps. That is why we should nothurry too much or be pulled away by the theoretical realm. Weneed to grasp the basic practices first.When we have enough peace <strong>in</strong> the body and the m<strong>in</strong>d, wehave the capacity to listen. <strong>The</strong>n we can take care <strong>of</strong> more difficultsituations. In us there are certa<strong>in</strong> preconceptions that we have accumulatedfrom the past. When we listen to someth<strong>in</strong>g new, wehave a tendency to fight aga<strong>in</strong>st it. Maybe there’s this structure<strong>in</strong>side us when we first listen to a teach<strong>in</strong>g. That is why the Buddhataught us how to break through these views, whatever we learnedyesterday. If we cannot let go <strong>of</strong> what we studied <strong>in</strong> the past, wecannot go on to the next step. If you don’t let go <strong>of</strong> the fifth step,you cannot take the sixth step. If you want to go to the seventhstep, you have to let go <strong>of</strong> the sixth step.In this past century many scientists have found that Buddhismis very <strong>in</strong>spir<strong>in</strong>g. E<strong>in</strong>ste<strong>in</strong> said that Buddhism is the only religionthat can go <strong>in</strong> tandem with science. That is the spirit <strong>of</strong> break<strong>in</strong>gthrough knowledge, through views that we have accumulatedfrom the past.‘To Sit <strong>in</strong> the W<strong>in</strong>d <strong>of</strong> Spr<strong>in</strong>g’We should end the dharma talk now. We will see each othertomorrow. This morn<strong>in</strong>g our delegation had a chance to visit AnQuang Temple. We <strong>of</strong>fered to the abbot <strong>of</strong> An Quang a calligraphythat said, “To sit <strong>in</strong> the w<strong>in</strong>d <strong>of</strong> the spr<strong>in</strong>g.”I expla<strong>in</strong>ed to the abbot that <strong>in</strong> the old teach<strong>in</strong>g, when thebrothers and sisters sit together <strong>in</strong> this love on the path, when theteacher and the students sit together and exchange their experiences<strong>in</strong> the practice and teach each other and support each other, thereis this happ<strong>in</strong>ess as if we were sitt<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> the spr<strong>in</strong>g. We benefitfrom the w<strong>in</strong>d <strong>of</strong> the spr<strong>in</strong>g that is like a nourish<strong>in</strong>g breeze. Sothat’s why this morn<strong>in</strong>g I wrote the calligraphy, “To sit <strong>in</strong> the w<strong>in</strong>d<strong>of</strong> the spr<strong>in</strong>g.”I have a feel<strong>in</strong>g that tonight as the teacher and students sithere together, we also sit <strong>in</strong> the w<strong>in</strong>d <strong>of</strong> the spr<strong>in</strong>g. We have thegood fortune to meet each other to exchange our knowledge andexperiences. This is a great happ<strong>in</strong>ess that I would like all <strong>of</strong> usto be aware <strong>of</strong>.Interpreted by Sister Dang Nghiem;transcribed by Greg Sever;edited by Janelle Combelicwith help from Barbara Caseyand Sister Annabel, True Virtue.the M<strong>in</strong>dfulness Bell 9