Personality types: Jung's model of typology - Inner City Books

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Appendix 1The Clinical Significance ofExtraversion and IntroversionH.K. Fierz, M.D. 121Extraversion and introversion are typical, constitutional attitudes.The primary interest of the extravert lies in the object,that of the introvert in the subject.If we wish to study the possible medical consequences ofthese two basic attitudes, we must first understand the momentat which subject and object arise.Subject and object always appear when relationships whichhave hitherto been governed by a participation mystique areexposed to criticism, whether from the subject himself orfrom someone else. 122 Such an event may affect the wholepersonality, for instance, in the young child, or in largely unconscious,undifferentiated people. But even in differentiated121 H.K. Fierz was medical director of the Zurich Clinic and ResearchCenter for Jungian Psychology (Klinik am Zurichberg) for more thantwenty years, until his death in 1985. He was also a training analyst at theC.G. Jung Institute in Zurich.This article was originally published in German in Acte psychotherapeutica,1959. The English translation first appeared in Current Trends inAnalytical Psychology (Proceedings of the 1st International Congress forAnalytical Psychology, 1958), ed. Gerhard Adler (London: TavistockPress, 1961).122 [The term participation mystique, derived from the anthropologistLucien Levy-Bruhl and used frequently by Jung, denotes a primitive unconsciousconnection in which one cannot clearly distinguish oneself fromother people. This is what lies behind the natural phenomenon of projection,in which one sees in someone else characteristics that are actuallyone's own. See Jung, "Definitions," Psychological Types, CW 6, par.781.—D.S.]101
102 The Clinical Significance of Extraversion and Introversionadults we still find unconscious areas in need of development.This situation is conducive to conflicts that may provokecriticism and thus lead to the dissolution of a participationmystique.By conflict we understand that two persons in a given relationshipfind that they are not in complete harmony. The individualwho experiences this disturbance of harmony is thesubject and the partner to the conflict, with whom he feels indisharmony, is his object.We can observe how this disturbance manifests itself in theindividual: an affect is created, involving an animus-animaproblem. There is also a disturbance of adjustment to the nowobjectivated environment, which creates further effects, constellatingthe problem of the shadow.A classic example can be found in young children: they discoverthat the parents are not always as perfect as they hadexpected. The affect created is anger with the parents: the ensuingchurlishness leads to a problem of adjustment. The childis now exposed to doubts such as: "Who am I?", or "Who aremy parents?" And further, "What is this I?", "What is 'father','mother'?" In this way subject and object are born. This situationsoon constellates the parental archetypes, hence the oftenconsiderable energy of the affect.The same problem arises for everyone when a participationmystique is dissolved. Although the problem is a general one,the way it is worked through varies according to whether theprimary interest is directed towards the subject or object. Theindividual way in which the problem is solved indicates thebasic attitude.The introvert is primarily concerned with the subject, andso he becomes aware of the disturbing factors in the subject.At this point the affect arises. He has a tendency to dampdown this affect, and devotes himself to this task with alacrityby seeking a new and reassuring orientation. His difficulty in
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Personality Types
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PERSONALITY TYPESJung’s Model of
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CONTENTSPreface 91 Introduction to
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Classification does not explain the
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PrefaceThis book is not a critique
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1Introduction to Jungian TypologyTh
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Introduction to Jungian Typology 13
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2Extraversion and the Four Function
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Extraversion and the Four Functions
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Page 90 and 91: 4Concluding RemarksWhy Typology?No
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Page 122 and 123: Index 121inferior, 69, 72-74, 78-79
Page 124 and 125: Index 123self-examination, 23self-r
Page 126: Studies in Jungian Psychologyby Jun
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