Personality types: Jung's model of typology - Inner City Books

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The Clinical Significance of Extraversion and Introversion 109yet undeveloped extraversion and a distorted, basically alienintroverted consciousness, can lead to a very complex, evenpathological state. An introvert can be subjected to a correspondingdistortion. The details of this problem have not yetbeen sufficiently studied. I believe, however, that the distortionof the constitutional attitude by environmental factors isone of the principal sources of psychotic symptoms and of theso-called psychopathic pattern.It would, of course, be ideal if the normal development ofthe opposite tendency were to take place without disturbance.But, in medicine and particularly in psychology, we seldomobserve such cases, as a normal development leaves little tobe observed. Where there are disturbances, naturally everyshade and variety is forthcoming.One might add a few further details: the introvert, who hasto develop his extraversion, is relatively liable to peptic ulcers.In extraverts, who should introvert, there is, in my experience,a danger of premature arterio-sclerosis. It is wellknown that sufferers from peptic ulcer may derive relief ofsymptoms from psychotherapy. But it is perhaps less wellknown that even relatively serious arteriosclerotic conditionscan be helped considerably by suitable psychotherapy, despitethe defeatist psychiatric prognoses to be found in all textbooks. So that in the case of an extravert who has to work outhis introversion, and has become depressive, arterio-scleroticsymptoms should not be allowed to influence the prognosistoo seriously, and psychotherapy should by no means be neglected.Let me sum up the effect of the two basic attitude typesfrom the medical aspect:The introvert lives primarily in his affect and comes intoconflict with the world. He is liable to slight or moderately serious accidents. The extravert adapts himself to the world andneglects the affect. For him the danger lies in the heart and
110 The Clinical Significance of Extraversion and Introversionmetabolic system. Both attitude types are then, sooner or later,faced with the same problem, to develop the opposite, inferiorattitude within themselves.If this development is inadequate, serious, even fatal disorders may ensue. The introvert may be affected by infectionsor by pernicious disturbances of the metabolism. The extravertis liable to dangerous accidents and to conflicts with thelaw. Further, the introvert is liable to peptic ulcers and the extravertto arterio-sclerosis. The introvert's fascinated absorptionin the outer world may lead to paranoid symptoms, thatof the extravert with the inner world may lead to a manifestationof his inferior introversion in melancholia.With regard to the psychiatric aspects, we should also stressthat the spontaneous, original, primary relationship remainsapparent even in crisis (as well as in the constitutional typesso ably described by Kretschmer). When the asthenic schizophrenicturns outwards in a hallucinatory way, his spontaneousinclination is towards the subject, and his affective rapportwith the external world is correspondingly poor. Andwhen the pyknic melancholic directs his attention inwards, hestill remains spontaneously directed towards the object, andhis affective rapport is good. 126It is impressive to note how—in spite of the resistance setup by the established consciousness—the psychosis helps theinferior attitude to break through. The introverted schizophrenicis brought into contact with the outer world throughoutbursts of aggression. And the extraverted melancholicshuts himself away from the world in order to develop theidea that no one can understand him, no one wants to understandhim, and no one can help him: so he is thrust back uponhimself.126 [Pyknic denotes a short, stocky stature (endomorphic); asthenic refersto a slender, lightly muscled physique.—D.S.]
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Personality Types
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PERSONALITY TYPESJung’s Model of
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CONTENTSPreface 91 Introduction to
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Classification does not explain the
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PrefaceThis book is not a critique
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1Introduction to Jungian TypologyTh
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Introduction to Jungian Typology 13
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2Extraversion and the Four Function
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Extraversion and the Four Functions
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Page 90 and 91: 4Concluding RemarksWhy Typology?No
Page 92 and 93: Concluding Remarks 91joy being with
Page 94 and 95: Concluding Remarks 93benefit? And h
Page 96 and 97: Concluding Remarks 95The shadow is
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Page 100 and 101: Concluding Remarks 99to stay home a
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Page 116 and 117: A Dinner Party with the Types 115an
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Page 122 and 123: Index 121inferior, 69, 72-74, 78-79
Page 124 and 125: Index 123self-examination, 23self-r
Page 126: Studies in Jungian Psychologyby Jun
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